Segunda economía en el sector turístico: tecnología y puestos de trabajo

Santiago Melián González; Jacques Bulchand Gidumal

doi:10.25145/j.pasos.2015.13.085

Autores

Santiago Melián González
Jacques Bulchand Gidumal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2015.13.085

Palavras-chave:

emprego, profissões, self-service, capital humano

Resumo

Em geral, a sociedade assumiu a enorme presença que as tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) têm actualmente em qualquer faceta da vida. Esta penetração da tecnologia está a substituir os postos de trabalho em que as empresas baseiam a sua actividade. Este processo de automação é um fenômeno que tem sido estudado principalmente no setor industrial, mas o avanço experimentado pelas tecnologias significa que ele está se espalhando para outras atividades produtivas. O sector do turismo tem sido pioneiro na utilização das TIC, embora não existam empregos que valorizem o seu impacto nas profissões turísticas. Este artigo é uma abordagem básica a esta questão e pretende ser uma reflexão sobre o uso das TIC pelas empresas de turismo.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Acemoglu, D. y Autor, D. 2010. “Skills, tasks and technologies: Implications for employment and earnings”. Handbook of labor economics, 4, 1043-1171.

Acemoglu, D. y Autor, D. 2012. What does human capital do? A review of Goldin and Katz’s the race between education and technology No. w17820. National Bureau of Economic Research.

Akcomak, S., Kok, S., y Rojas-Romagosa, H. 2013. “Technology, offshoring and the task-content of occupations: Evidence from the United Kingdom”. Artículo no publicado disponible en http://www.eea-esem.com/files/papers/EEA-ESEM/2013/1192/ Akcomak_etal_UKdraft_EEA_feb2013.pdf

Arthur, W. B. 2011. The second economy. McKinsey Quarterly, 4, 90-99.

Autor, D. H., Levy, F. y Murnane, R. J. 2003. “The Skill Content of Recent Techological Change: An Empirical Exploration”, Quarterly Journal of Economics 118: 1279– 1333.

Barney, J. y Wrigth, P.M. 1998. “On Becoming a Strategic Partner: The Roles of Human Resources in Gaining Competitive Advantage”. Human Resource Management, 371, 31-41.

Barwise, P. y Meehan, S. 2004. Simply Better: Winning and Keeping Customers by Delivering What Matters Most, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.

Bitner, M. J. 2001. “Service and technology: opportunities and paradoxes”. Managing service quality, 116, 375-379.

Bolton, R. N., Gustafsson, A., McColl-Kennedy, J., Sirianni, N. J., y David, K. T. 2014. Small details that make big differences: a radical approach to consumption experience as a firm’s differentiating strategy. Journal of Service Management, 252, 253-274.

Breschi, S., F. Malerba, y L. Orsenigo. 2000. Technological regimes and Schumpeterian patterns of innovation. Economic Journal 110, 463: 388–410.

Brynjolfsson, E. y McAfee, A. 2011. Race against the machine: How the digital revolution is accelerating innovation, driving productivity, and irreversibly transforming employment and the economy. Digital Frontier Press Lexington, MA.

Card, D., y DiNardo, J. E. 2002. Skill biased technological change and rising wage inequality: some problems and puzzles No. w8769. National Bureau of Economic Research.

Davidow, B. 2012. “How Computers Are Creating a Second Economy Without Workers”, The Atlantic, disponible en http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/04/how-computers-are-creating-a-second-economywithout- workers/255618/2/, consultado el 26 de noviembre de 2014.

Dery, K., Hall, R., y Wailes, N. 2006. “ERPs as ‘technologies-in-practice’: social construction, materiality and the role of organisational factors”. New Technology, Work and Employment, 213, 229-241.

Frey, C.B. y Osborne, M.A. 2013. “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?”. Artículo no publicado disponible en http://www.futuretech.ox.ac.uk/sites/futuretech.ox. ac.uk/files/The_Future_ f_Employment_OMS_Working_Paper_1.pdf.

Gelderman, C. J., Ghijsen, P. W. T., y van Diemen, R. 2011. “Choosing self-service technologies or interpersonal services—The impact of situational factors and technology-related attitudes”. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 185, 414-421

Goldin, C. D., y Katz, L. F. 2009. The race between education and technology. Harvard University Press.

Goos, M., Manning, A., y Salomons, A. 2009. “Job polarization in Europe”. The American Economic Review, 58-63.

Giebelhausen, M. 2014. “Cyborg Service: The Unexpected Effect of Technology in the Employee-Guest Exchange Share”, Cornell Hospitality Reports, 14 (20).

Hosteltur 2013. 20 tecnologías que transformarán el turismo. Disponible en http://www. http://www.hosteltur.com/

Klaus, P., Edvardsson, B., Keiningham, T.L. y Gruber, T. 2014. “Getting in with the ‘In’ crowd: how to put marketing back on the CEO’s agenda”, Journal of Service Management, 25 (2), 195-212.

Marler, J. H., y Liang, X. 2012. “Information technology change, work complexity and service jobs: a contingent perspective”. New Technology, Work and Employment, 272, 133-146.

Mastrostefano, V., y Pianta, M. 2009. Technology and jobs. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 188, 729-741.

Meuter, M. L., Bitner, M. J., Ostrom, A. L., y Brown, S. W. 2005. “Choosing among alternative service delivery modes: an investigation of customer trial of selfservice technologies”. Journal of Marketing, 69(2), 61-83.

Michaels, G., Natraj, A., y Reenen, J. V. 2010. “Has ICT polarized skill demand? Evidence from eleven countries over 25 years”. Review of Economics and Statistics, pendiente de publicación.

Oh, H., Jeong, M., y Baloglu, S. 2013. “Tourists’ adoption of self-service technologies at resort hotels”. Journal of Business Research, 666, 692-699.

Reinders, M. J., Dabholkar, P. A., y Frambach, R. T. 2008. “Consequences of forcing consumers to use technology-based self-service”. Journal of Service

Research, 112, 107-123.

Sánchez, R. G. 2011. “La innovación abierta en las empresas turísticas extremeñas como herramienta de entrada en el turismo de negocios”. PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 9(4), 489-502.

Sanz Valle, R., y Sabater Sánchez, R. 2010. “Fundamentos de la dirección estratégica de Recursos Humanos: evolución del pensamiento en estrategia”. Dirección y Organización, 27, 68-77.

Spitz-Oener, A. 2006. “Technical change, job tasks, and rising educational demands: Looking outside the wage structure”. Journal of Labor Economics, 242, 235-270.

Vila, T. D., Vila, N. A., y Brea, J. A. F. 2012. “El fenómeno 2.0 en el sector turístico. El caso de Madrid 2.0”. PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural 10(3), 225-237.