Cidade, património cultural e turismo sustentável no século XXI: os casos de Madrid e Barcelona
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2026.24.017Keywords:
Barcelona, Madrid, Cultural heritage, Sustainability, TourismAbstract
Durante as primeiras décadas do século XXI, o equilíbrio entre património cultural e planeamento urbano tornou-se um elemento fundamental para garantir um desenvolvimento turístico equitativo e sustentável. Proteger o património contra práticas turísticas abusivas é fundamental para a conservação dos bens a longo prazo. Trata-se de um fenómeno global com contribuições relevantes em vários continentes, de forma notável no caso europeu. O setor turístico em Espanha continua em crescimento e as cidades patrimoniais mais relevantes contam com estudos que zelam pela conservação e sustentabilidade dos seus ambientes, nos quais as aplicações e a tecnologia começam a ser ferramentas fundamentais. O presente artigo avalia as medidas face às dinâmicas em duas capitais espanholas: Madrid e Barcelona. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica exaustiva para, em seguida, identificar os principais avanços e linhas de debate sobre a problemática, apontar técnicas e metodologias inovadoras aplicadas em ambientes urbanos específicos e, finalmente, indicar algumas linhas de debate futuras. Com isso, o estudo busca contribuir para a reflexão sobre a necessidade de um turismo responsável que respeite e preserve o património cultural.
Downloads
Publication Facts
Reviewer profiles N/A
Author statements
- Editor & editorial board
- profiles
- Academic society
- PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural
- Publisher
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Social y Turismo. Universidad de La Laguna (España) - Instituto Universitario da Maia ISMAI (Portugal)
To learn about these publication facts, click 
PF is maintained by the Public Knowledge Project
References
Abouelmagd, D. (2023). Sustainable urbanism and cultural tourism, the case of the Sphinx Avenue, Luxor. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 71, 239-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2023.03.041
Agüero Bravo, F. (2021). Aplicación de las TIC y realidad aumentada como iniciativa para la puesta en valor del patrimonio arquitectónico. Estudios de casos españoles para su posible implementación en contextos patrimoniales costarricenses. Tecnología en Marcha, 34(5), 62-77. https://doi.org/10.18845/tm.v34i5.5916
Aldura Urquiaga, A., Lorente-Rierola, I. y Sánchez, J.R. (2020): Platform-mediated short-team rentals and gentrification in Madrid. Urban Studies, 57(15), 3095-3115. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098020918154
Balletto, G., Ladu, M., y Borruso, G. (2021): A Methodological Approach on Disused Public Properties in the 15 Minute City Perspective. Sustanability, 13(2) https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020593
Bertoni, A., Dubini, P. y Monti, A. (2021): Bringing Back in the Spatial Dimension in the Assessment of Cultural and Creative Industries and Its Relationship with a City’s Sustainability: The Case of Milan. Sustainability, 13(19).
https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910878
Bozdag, A. (2022): A spatial análisis for sustainable planning of tourism impact using GIS: cesme (Cyssus), Izmir, Turkey. Environment Development and Sustainability, 25(9), 9877-9902. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02464-7
Crespi Vallbona, M. y Galeas Ortiz, S. (2023). Sustanaible governance versus airbnbification. The case of Barcelona. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2229112
De la Calle, M. (2019): Touristification of urban centres: an attempt to clarify the debate. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, 83. https://doi.org/10.21138/BAGE.2829
De la Plata, A.R.M; Franco, P.A.C. y Sánchez, J.A.R (2022): Architectural Survey, Diagnostic, and Constructive Analysis Strategies for Monumental Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Management of Tourism. Buildings, 12(8), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081156
Del Mármol, C. y Santamarina, B. (2023). “We gave the city its image and put i ton the map”: intangible cultural heritage and city branding in Buenos Aires and Valencia. Journal of Heritage Tourism. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2023.2268737
Georgescu Paquin, A. y Cerdan Schwitzguébel, A. (2021). Analysis of Barcelona’s tourist landscape as projected in tourism promotional videos. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 7(2), 257-277. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2020-0046
Hidalgo-Giralt, C., Palacios-García, A., Barrado-Timón, D. y Rodríguez-Esteban, J.A. (2021). Urban Industrial Tourism: Cultural Sustainability as a Tool for Confronting Overtourism-Cases of Madrid, Brussels, and Copenhagen. Sustainability, 13(9),4694. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094694
Höftberger, K. (2023). Conservation and development: implementation of the historic urban landscape approach in Khiva, Uzbekistan. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 29(4), 314-328. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2023.2183885
Jigyasu, N. (2022). Authentic versus staged identity - problematizing tourism interventions for authenticity and integrity in historic cities. Journal of Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-07-2022-0116
Jurado-Rivas, C. y Sánchez-Rivero, M. (2019). Willingness to Pay for More Sustainable Tourism Destinations in World Heritage Cities: The Case of Caceres, Spain. Sustainability, 11(21). 5880. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11215880
Karimi, A. y Mohammad, P. (2022). Effect of outdoor thermal comfort condition on visit of tourists in historical urban plazas of Sevilla and Madrid. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(40), 60641-60661. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20058-8
Khavarian-Garmsir, A.R., Sharifi, A. y Sadeghi, A. (2022). The 15-minute city: Urban planning and design efforts toward creating sustanaible neighborhoods. Cities, 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.104101
La Moncloa (2024, febrero 2). La llegada de turistas internacionales en 2023 supera las previsiones y alcanza por primera vez los 85 millones. Recuperado el 15 de febrero de 2024 de: https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/serviciosdeprensa/notasprensa/industria-turismo/Paginas/2024/020224-record-turistas-internacionales.aspx
Leal Londoño, M.P., Georgescu-Paquin, A. y Arcos Pumarola, J. (2022). Food festivals as builders of the image of a tourist destination. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 14(3), 262-278. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2022.2076690
Lerario, A. (2020). The IoT as a Key in the Sensitive Balance between Development Needs and Sustainable Conservation of Cultural Resources in Italian Heritage Cities, Sustainability, 12(17), 6952. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12176952
Liberatore, G.; Biagioni, P.; Ciappei, C. y Francini, C. (2022). Dealing with uncertainty, from overtourism to overcapacity: a decision support model for art cities: the case of UNESCO WHCC of Florence. Current Issues in Tourisme, 26(7), 1067-1081. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2022.2046712
Liu, Z., Zhang, M. y Osmani, M. (2023). Building Information Modelling (BIM) Driven Sustanaible Cultural Heritage Tourism. Buildings, 13(8), 1925. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13081925
Lu, C.W., Huang, J.C., y Bapu, B.R.T. (2021). An energy-efficient Smart city of sustainable green tourism industry. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101494
Martín-Fuentes, E., Nieto Fernando, J., Marine-Roig, E. y Ferrer-Rosell. (2020). From Blockbuster to Neighbourhood Buster: The Effect of Films on Barcelona. Sustanaibility, 12(6), 2290. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062290
Martín, J.A., Pérez, M.D. y Mena, A.C. (2021). The activation of citizenship as a strategy for tourism sustainability in heritage sites near the big city. The case of Madrid región. Pasos-Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 19(4), 695-711.
https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2021.19.045
Mazzamuto, M.y Picone, M. (2022). The Commodification Dilemma: Tourism Pressure and Heritage Conservation in Barcelona. Societes, 12(4), 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc12040111
Nevola, F., Coles, T. y Mosconi, C. (2021). Hidden Florence revealed? Critical insights from the operation of an augmented reality app in a World Heritage City Journal of Heritage Tourism, 17(4), 371-390. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2022.2036165
Nofre, J. (2020). La turistificación del ocio nocturno. Nuevos retos y desafíos en el estudio de la ciudad turística. Cuadernos geográficos de la Universidad de Granada, 60(1), 80-94. https://doi.org/10.30827/cuadgeo.v60i1.13723
Pareti, S., Valdebenito, V. y Bustamante, C. (2023). Promote Green Mobility as a Mechanism for the Development of Sustainable Cities and Environmental Sustainability. The Case of the ValparaISo Trolley as a Green Means of Transport, Chile. Trends in Environmental Sustainability and Green Energy, 70-79.
http://doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2021.10.010
Pourbahador, P. y Brinkhuijsen, M. (2023). Municipal strategies for protecting the sense of place through public space management in historic cities: A case study of Amsterdam. Cities, 136.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104242
Reyes-Aguilar, A., Rosas-Ferrusca, F., Pérez-Ramírez, C. y Calderón-Maya, J. (2021): Intervención urbana y desarrollo turístico. Propuesta de un modelo de análisis en Centros Históricos. EURE: revista latinoamericana de estudios urbanos regionales, 47(141), 71-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/eure.47.141.04
Rius-Uldemolins, J. (2020). From top-down urban planning to culturally sensitive planning? Urban renewal and artistic activism in a neo-bohemian district in Barcelona. Journal of Urban Affairs, 44 (4-5), 524-544.
https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2020.1811114
Shirvani Dastgerdi, A., De Luca, G. y Francini, C. (2021). Reforming Housing Policies for the Sustainability of Historic Cities in the Post-COVID Time: Insights from the Atlas World Heritage. Sustainability, 13(1), 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010174
Smith; M.K., Pinke-Sziva, I., Berezvai, Z. y Buczkowska-Golabek, K. (2020). The changing nature of the cultural tourist: motivations, profiles and experiences of cultural tourists in Budapest. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 20(1-2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2021.1898626
Sroda-Murawska, S., Grzelak.Kostulja, E., Bieganska, J. y Dabrowski, L.S. (2021). Culture and Sustainable Tourism: Does the Pair Pay in Medium-Sized Cities? Sustainability, 12(16), 9072. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169072
Szromek, A.R., Kruczek, Z. y Walas, B. (2023). Stakeholder' attitudes towards tools for sustainable tourism in historical cities. Tourism Recreation Research, 48(3), 419-431. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2021.1931774
Thongdejsri, M. y Nitivattananon, V. (2019). Assessing impacts of implementing low-carbon tourism program for sustainable tourism in a world heritage city. Tourism Review, 74(2), 216-234. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2017-0082
Travar, I., Acosta-Rubio, Z., Párra-López, E. y Díaz-Padilla, V.T. (2022). Digital Eco Tree Platform: A Proposal of an Effective Mobile Application in World Heritage Cities. Marketing and Smart Technologies, 279, 551-561. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9268-0_46
Valls, F. y Roca, J. (2021). Visualizing Digital Traces for Sustainable Urban Management: Mapping Tourism Activity on the Virtual Public Space. Sustainability, 13(6) 3159. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063159
Vardopoulos, I., Papoui-Evangelou, M., Nosova, B. y Salvati, L. (2023). Smart 'Tourist Cities' Revisited: Culture-Led Urban Sustainability and the Global Real Estate Market. Sustainability, 15(5), 4313. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054313
Zubiaga, M., Izkara, J.L., Gandini, A., y Saralegui, U. (2019). Towards Smarter Management of Overtourism in Historic Centres Through Visitor-Flow Monitoring. Sustainability, 11(24), 7254. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247254
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Yolanda López López, Pablo Cisneros Álvarez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
I confirm that the work is original (of my/our authorship), and that it will not be submitted to other journals or publications until the final resolution of the review process in PASOS, RTPC.
I authorize the publication of my work by PASOS, PSTN of free and open access in any of the formats that I deem appropriate, for an indefinite period of time and as a non-remunerated collaboration.
Likewise, the author(s) understands that the published work may be linked or deposited on any server or included in other publications (republication), provided that the new place and/or new edition references the original publication and acknowledges the authorship and copyright ownership of PASOS RTPC publications.
Authors understand that a plagiarism-self-plagiarism check will be performed, and the article may be removed at any time from the editorial flow.
