Hotel outsourcing and its strategic benefits and risks. The case of Egypt

Authors

  • Tomas F. Espino-Rodríguez Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
  • Mahmoud Gebril Taha Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2023.21.034

Keywords:

Outsourcing, Hotel activities, Benefits, Risks, Hotel industry, Hotel sector, Egypt

Abstract

The paper analyses outsourcing in the hotel sector in Egypt. It presents the main levels of outsourcing of the main hotel services or activities. Moreover, it also analyses the main benefits and risks perceived by the surveyed managers of this outsourcing strategy. Data have been collected from 114 hotels in two sun and sand resort cities in Egypt (Sharm el Sheikh and Hurgada). The results indicate that the most outsourced activities are entertainment, transport services, information systems and maintenance with the least outsourced activities as reception, room cleaning, laundry and food and beverage. In terms of perceived benefits, the main benefits relate to the focus on core competencies and helping to cover the urgent needs of the hotel; while the main risks of outsourcing relate to the detrimental impact of outsourcing on the hotel's resources and capabilities and on the hotel's performance.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Tomas F. Espino-Rodríguez, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Catedrático de Universidad. Departamento de Economía y Dirección de Empresas

References

Altin, M., Uysal, M., & Schwartz, Z. (2018). Revenue management outsourcing: a hybrid model of transaction cost economics and organizational capability. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 59(2), 112-124.

Avci, U., Madanoglu, M., & Okumus, F. (2011). Strategic orientation and performance of tourism firms: Evidence from a developing country. Tourism Management, 32(1), 147-157.

Bolat, T., & Yılmaz, Ö. (2009). The relationship between outsourcing and organizational performance. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(1), 7–23.

Bowie, D., & Chang, J. C. (2005). Tourist satisfaction: A view from a mixed international guided package tour. Journal of vacation marketing, 11(4), 303-322.

Brooks, N. (2006): “Understanding IT Outsourcing and its potential effects on IT workers and their environment”, The Journal of Computer Information Systems, vol.46, nº 4, pp.46-53.

Din, S. M. S. E. (2020, March). Current Status and Prospects for Development of International Tourism in the Arab Republic of Egypt. In International Scientific Conference" Far East Con"(ISCFEC 2020, Atlantis Press. 2401-2406.

Dorasamy, M., Marimuthu, M., Jayabalan, J., Raman, M., & Kaliannan, M. (2010). Critical factors in outsourcing of accounting functions in malaysian small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Kajian Malaysia: Journal of Malaysian Studies, 28(2).

EHA, 2016. Egyptian Hotel Guide. The 27rd Edition Egyptian Hotel Association. Cairo, 154–189.

Elhoushy, S., Salem, I. E., & Agag, G. (2020). The impact of perceived benefits and risks on current and desired levels of outsourcing: Hotel managers’ perspective. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 102419.

Espino-Rodrı́guez, T. F., & Padrón-Robaina, V. (2004). Outsourcing and its impact on operational objectives and performance: a study of hotels in the Canary Islands. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 23(3), 287-306.

Espino‐Rodríguez, T. F., & Padrón‐Robaina, V. (2006). A review of outsourcing from the resource‐based view of the firm. International journal of management reviews, 8(1), 49-70.

Espino-Rodríguez, T. F., & Ramírez-Fierro, J. C. (2017). Factors determining hotel activity outsourcing. An approach based on competitive advantage. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(8), 2006-2026.

Espino-Rodríguez, T. F., & Ramírez-Fierro, J. C. (2018). Managers' attitudes toward hotel outsourcing in a tourist destination. An approach from the benefits and risks perspective. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 143-152.

Espino-Rodríguez, T. F., & Rodríguez-Díaz, M. (2021). The influence of outsourcing activities on the perception of service quality. An empirical study based on online reviews by hotel customers. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology,. 12( 4), 689-711.

Espino-Rodríguez, T. F., Lai, P. C., & Baum, T. (2012). Risks and benefits of outsourcing hotel operations: A comparison between Scotland and Taiwan. Tourism Economics, 18(1), 95-120.

Gilley, K. M., Greer, C. R., & Rasheed, A. A. (2004). Human resource outsourcing and organizational performance in manufacturing firms. Journal of Business Research, 57(3), 232-240.

González, R., Gascó, J. & Llopis, J. (2010). Razones y riesgos del outsourcing de sistemas de información: Un análisis de su situación y evolución. Investigaciones Europeas de Dirección y Economia de la empresa, 16(1), 55-76.

Gonzalez, R., Gasco, J. L., & Llopis, J. (2015). Information systems outsourcing satisfaction: some explanatory factors. Industrial Management & Data Systems. Vol. 115 No. 6, pp. 1067-1085.

González, R., Llopis, J., & Gasco, J. (2011). What do we know about outsourcing in hotels?. The Service Industries Journal, 31(10), 1669-1682.

Harland, C., Knight, L., Lamming, R., & Walker, H. (2005). Outsourcing: assessing the risks and benefits for organisations, sectors and nations. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 25(9), 831–850.

Hemmington, N., & King, C. (2000). Key dimensions of outsourcing hotel food and beverage services. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12(4), 256–261.

Hiamey, S. E., & Amenumey, E. K. (2013). Exploring service outsourcing in 3–5 Star hotels in the Accra Metropolis of Ghana. Tourism Management Perspectives, 8, 9-17.

Kakabadse, a. & Kakabadse, n. (2005): “Outsourcing: current and future trends”, Thunderbird International Business Review, vol.47, nº2, pp.183-204.

Kamann, D. J., & Van Nieulande, V., (2010). A four-filter method for outsourcing to low-cost countries. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 46, 64-79.

Lam, T., & Han, M. X. (2005). A study of outsourcing strategy: a case involving the hotel industry in Shanghai, China. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 24(1), 41-56.

Lamminmaki, D. (2007). Outsourcing in Australian hotels: a transaction cost economics perspective. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 31(1), 73-110.

Lamminmaki, D. (2011). An examination of factors motivating hotel outsourcing. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 963-973.

Leeman, D., & Reynolds, D. (2012). Trust and outsourcing: Do perceptions of trust influence the retention of outsourcing providers in the hospitality industry?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(2), 601-608.

OECD. (2020). The COVID-19 Crisis in Egypt, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France.

Promsivapallop, P., Jones, P., & Roper, A. (2015). Factors influencing hotel outsourcing decisions in Thailand: modifications to the transaction cost economics approach. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 39(1), 32-56.

Redondo-Cano, A., & Canet-Giner, M. T. (2010). Outsourcing agrochemical services: economic or strategic logic?. Service Business, 4(3-4), 237-252.

Schniederjans, M. J., Schniederjans, A. M., & Schniederjans, D. G. (2005). Outsourcing and Insourcing in an International Context: ME Sharpe. E-Book: Ebsco.

Soltani, E., & Wilkinson, A. (2010). What is happening to flexible workers in the supply chain partnerships between hotel housekeeping departments and their partner employment agencies?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(1), 108-119.

Tourinews (2020).Egipto recibió un 21% de turistas más en 2019, Tourinews, 24 de enero, 2020.https://www.tourinews.es/resumen-de-prensa/notas-de-prensa-destinos-competidores-turismo/egipto-recibio-21-por-ciento-turistas-mas-2019(OMT).

Wan, C. S., & Su, A. Y. L. (2010). Exploring the factors affecting hotel outsourcing in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 15(1), 95-107.

WTTC. (2020). EGYPT: 2020 Annual Research: Key Highlights, World Travel & Tourism Council, London, United Kingdom.

Yang, D. H., Kim, S., Nam, C., & Min, J. W. (2007). Developing a decision model for business process outsourcing. Computers & Operations Research, 34(12), 3769-3778.

Yildiz, S., & Demirel, Z. H. (2014). The benefits, risks and effects on performance of the outsourcing: A comparative study of seasonal and permanent hotels. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109, 514-521.

Yildiz, S., & Demirel, Z. H. (2014). The benefits, risks and effects on performance of the outsourcing: A comparative study of seasonal and permanent hotels. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109, 514-521.

Zhang, Y., Ma, E., & Qu, H. (2018). Transaction cost and resources based views on hotels’ outsourcing mechanism: An empirical study in China. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 27(5), 583-600.

Published

2023-06-18

How to Cite

Espino-Rodríguez, T. F. ., & Gebril Taha, M. (2023). Hotel outsourcing and its strategic benefits and risks. The case of Egypt. PASOS Revista De Turismo Y Patrimonio Cultural, 21(3), 503–513. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2023.21.034

Publication Facts

Metric
This article
Other articles
Peer reviewers 
1
2.4

Reviewer profiles  N/A

Author statements

Author statements
This article
Other articles
Data availability 
N/A
16%
External funding 
N/A
32%
Competing interests 
N/A
11%
Metric
This journal
Other journals
Articles accepted: 18% 
33%
Days to publication 
376
145

Indexed in

Editor & editorial board
profiles
Publisher 
Instituto Universitario de Investigación Social y Turismo. Universidad de La Laguna (España) - Instituto Universitario da Maia ISMAI (Portugal)