Determinants of the complexity of the tourist business environment. Analysis of perceptions during the period 2001-2003 in the Canary Islands
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2007.05.012Keywords:
Environment, Complexity, Perceptions, Rasch model, Tourist firms, Strategic managementAbstract
The tourist environment should be also analysed, apart from dynamism, considering complex- ity. The objective of this paper is then to analyse the existence of differences in perceiving environmen- tal complexity during the years 2001 to 2003. The Rasch model (1960, 1980) is applied and the com- plexity is considered a latent variable. We used the information from a sample of decision makers of tourist firms in Canary Islands (Spain). The results confirm demand and competitors as the most com- plex variables. The relevant differences among years are those related to physical barriers, outer depen- dence and attitude towards firms.
Downloads
References
Aguilar, F. J. 1967 Scanning the business environment. Nueva York: MacMillan.
Aldrich, H.E. 1979 Organizations and Environments. Nueva Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Andrich, D. 1988 Rasch models for measurement. Newbury Park: Sage.
Barnes, L.L.B. y Wise, S.L. 1991 “The utility of a modified one-parameter IRT model with small sam- ples”. Applied Measurement in Education, 4 (2): 143-157.
Berger, M.P.F. 1997 “Optimal Design for Latent variable Models: a Review”. En Rost, J. y Langehein, R. (eds): Applications of Latent trait and latent class models in the Social Sciences. Berlín: Waxmann Verlag GMBH.
Bourgeois, L.J. 1980 “Strategy and environment. A conceptual integration”. Academy of Man- agement Review, 5 (1), 25-39.
Boyd, B.K.; Dess, G. y Rasheed, A.M. 1993 “Divergence between archival and perceptual measures of the environment: causes and consequences’. Academy of Management Review, 18 (2): 204-226.
Child, J. 1972 “Organization structure, environ- ment and performance-the role of strategic choice”. Sociology, 6: 1-22.
Consejería de Economía y Hacienda 2004 Economía Canaria 2003. Viceconsejería de Economía y Asuntos Económicos con la Unión Europea. Gobierno de Canarias.
Consejo Económico y Social de Canarias 2002 Informe Anual: la economía, la sociedad y el empleo en Canarias durante el año 2001. Consejo Económico y Social de Canarias.
Consejo Económico y Social de Canarias 2004 Informe Anual: la economía, la sociedad y el empleo en Canarias durante el año 2003. Consejo Económico y Social de Canarias.
Costa, J. y Teare, R. 2000 “Developing an environmental scanning process in the hotel sector”. International Journal of Contempo- rary Hospitality Management, 12(3), 156-169.
Daft R.L., Sormunen, J. y Parks, A. 1988 “Chief executive scanning, environ- mental characteristics and company performance: an empirical study”. Strategic Management Journal, 9: 123-139.
Dess, G. y Beard, D. W. 1984 “Dimensions of organizational task environments”. Administrative Science Quarterly, 29: 52 – 73.
Duncan, R. 1972 “Characteristics of organizational environment and perceived environment uncertainty”. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17: 313 – 327.
Fahey, L. y Narayanan, K. 1986 Macroenvironmental analysis for strategic management. Saint Paul: West Publishing Company
Fisher, W. P. Jr 2005 “Meaningfulness, measurement and Item Response Theory (IRT)”. Rasch Measurement Transactions 19 (2), 1018-1020. http://www.rasch.org/rmt/rmt192d.htm (disponible 29/03/2007).
Gobierno de Canarias 2003 Economía Canaria 2002. Viceconsejería de Hacienda y Relaciones Internacionales con la Unión Europea. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Gobierno de Canarias.
Gobierno de Canarias 2007 Estadísticas de Turismo Receptivo del Gobierno de Canarias. Viceconsejería de Turismo. http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/t urismo/estad/estadisticas.htm (Disponible el 21/03/2007).
Lewis, G.J. y Harvey, B. 2001 “Perceived environmental uncertainty: the extension of Miller’s scale to the natural environment”. Journal of Management Studies, vol.38(2): 201-233.
Linacre, J. M. 2006 Winsteps. Rasch measurement computer program. Chicago: Winsteps.com. http://www.winsteps.com/winman/in dex.htm (disponible el 29/03/07).
Miller, K.D. 1997 Measurement of perceived environ- mental uncertainties: response and ex- tension. Center for International Business Education and Research, no. 97-004. Purdue University
Mintzberg, H.; Quinn, J.B. y Ghoshal, G. 1999 El proceso estratégico (pp.19-24). Madrid: Editorial Prentice Hall.
Olsen, M.D. 1999 “Macroforces driving change into the new millennium-major challenges for the hospitality professional”. Hospitality Management, 18: 371-385.
Olsen, M.D. 2004 “Literature in strategic manage- ment in the hospitality industry”. Hospitality Management, 23: 411-424.
Olsen, M., Murthy, B. y Teare, R. 1994 “CEO perspectives on scanning the global hotel business environment”. International Journal of Contempo- rary Hospitality Management, 6(4): 3 -9
Olsen, M.D.; West, J.J. y Tse, E. 2007 Strategic management in the hospi- tality industry. Nueva York: Prentice Hall (in press).
Oreja, J.R. 1999 “El método GEPS de análisis y dia- gnóstico del entorno empresarial. Aplicaciones para entornos insulares”. En Oreja, J.R. (dir): El impacto del entorno en las actividades empresariales, (pp.33-64). Fyde Caja Canarias- IUDE de la Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
Oreja, J.R. 2005 Introducción a la medición objetiva en Economía, Administración y Dirección de Empresas: El Modelo de Rasch. IUDE, Serie Estudios 2005/47. Institu- to Universitario de la Empresa de la Universidad de La Laguna. http://webpages.ull.es/users/iude/publi- documentos/iude-0547.pdf
Oreja-Rodríguez, J.R.; Yanes-Estévez, V. 2006 “Knowledge Structures of Organisational Environments: Study of Perceived Uncertainty”. International Journal of Knowledge and Learning, 2 (1,2): 41-57.
Oreja-Rodríguez, J.R.; Yanes-Estévez, V. 2007 "Perceived Environmental Uncertainty in Tourism: A new Approach using the Rasch Model". Tourism Management, doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2006.12.005 (en prensa).
Porter, M.E. 1980 Competitive strategy. Nueva York: Free Press.
Rasch, G. 1960 Probabilistic models for some intelligence and attainment tests. Copenhagen: Danish Institute for Educational Research (Expanded edition, 1980. Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
Rasch, G. 1980 Probabilistic models for some intelligence and attainment tests (expanded edition). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Rasheed, A. M. A. y Prescott, J.E. 1992 “Towards an objective classification scheme for organizational task environments”. British Journal of Management, 3: 197 - 206.
Santos, M.V. y García, T. 2006 “Manager’s opinions: reality or fiction: a narrative approach”. Management Decision, 44 (6): 752-770.
Sharma, D.S. 2002 “The differential effect of environ- mental dimensionality, size and structure on budget system characteristics uncertainty scale”. Administrative Science Quarterly, 18: 27-36.
Simon, H. 1957 Administrative Behaviour. Nueva York: MacMillan.
Simons, T. y Namasivayam, K. 1999 “The eye of the beholder: hotel company CEO perceptions of threats and opportunities”. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 23 (4): 354-370.
Sutcliffe, K.M. y Zaheer, A. 1998 “Uncertainty in the transaction environment: an empirical test”. Strategic Management Journal, 19: 1-23.
Swamidass, P. y Newell, W. 1987 “Manufacturing strategy, environ- mental uncertainty and performance: a path analytical model”. Management Science, 33 (4): 509-524.
Tosi, H.; Aldag, R. y Storey, R.G. 1973 “On the measurement of the environment: an assessment of the Lawrence and Lorsch environment in hotels”. Management Accounting Research, 13: 101-131.
Wiseman, J. 1983 “Beyond Positive Economics-Dream and Reality”. En Wiseman, J. (ed.): Beyond Positive Economics (pp.13-27). Londres: The MacMillan Press.
Woodside, A.G. 2004 “Making sense of implement strategies in new venture hospitality management. An American-Austrian- Hungarian Case Research Studies”. Tourism Management, 27(2): 342-349.
Wright, B. D. 1997 S.S. Stevens Revisited. Rasch Mea- surement Transactions, 11 (1), 552 –553.http://www.rasch.org/rmt/rmt111n.htm (disponible 29/03/2007). Xiang, Z. y Formica, S.
“Mapping environmental change in tourism: a study of the incentive travel industry”. Tourism Management (2007), doi:10.1016/j.tourman. 2006.11.002 (en prensa).
Yanes Estévez, V. 2004“La aproximación cognoscitiva a la realidad empresarial y la aportación de Herbert Simon”. Revista Europea de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa, 13 (2): 25-42.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
I confirm that the work is original (of my/our authorship), and that it will not be submitted to other journals or publications until the final resolution of the review process in PASOS, RTPC.
I authorize the publication of my work by PASOS, PSTN of free and open access in any of the formats that I deem appropriate, for an indefinite period of time and as a non-remunerated collaboration.
Likewise, the author(s) understands that the published work may be linked or deposited on any server or included in other publications (republication), provided that the new place and/or new edition references the original publication and acknowledges the authorship and copyright ownership of PASOS RTPC publications.
Authors understand that a plagiarism-self-plagiarism check will be performed, and the article may be removed at any time from the editorial flow.
