Posicionamiento de los atributos de marca en los museos universitarios de la ciudad de Puebla, México en función de su atractivo cultural
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2022.20.023Palavras-chave:
Instituciones culturales, Visitantes, Marcas, Atractivo cultural, Puebla, MéxicoResumo
Actualmente entre los problemas que aquejan a los museos en México se encuentran: la necesidad de incrementar visitantes, crear nuevos públicos, aumentar los ingresos públicos y privados, optimizar sus modelos de gestión, establecer nuevos lenguajes frente a la competencia y adecuarse a las nuevas tecnologías. Debido a esto, el presente estudio analiza la valoración dada por los visitantes de cuatro museos pertenecientes a universidades en la ciudad de Puebla, en México, en términos de su atracción. Para ello, se realizó una investigación cuantitativa descriptiva, a partir de 1400 encuestas válidas, siendo recolectadas 385 por cada recinto, a través de un muestreo individual por cuotas. Como resultado se destaca potenciar los atributos por los que estas instituciones son preferidas, en función del conocimiento de marca: “organizado”, “placentero”, “agradable” y “jovial”. Asimismo, se sugiere la cooperación entre dichos museos para generar acciones estratégicas que permitan incrementar la afluencia en estos espacios.
Downloads
Referências
Ahmad, S., Abbas, M. Y., Yusof, W. Z. Mohd., & Taib, Mohd. Z. Mohd. (2013). Museum Learning: Using Research as Best Practice in Creating Future Museum Exhibition. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 105, 370–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.039
Ash, D. (2014). Positioning Informal Learning Research in Museums within Activity Theory: From Theory to Practice and Back Again. Curator: The Museum Journal, 57(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/cura.12054
Bambauer-Sachse, S., & Mangold, S. (2011). Brand equity dilution through negative online word-of-mouth communication. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 18(1), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2010.09.003
Barman, E. A. (2002). Asserting Difference: The Strategic Response of Nonprofit Organizations to Competition. Social Forces, 80(4), 1191–1222. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2002.0020
Blery, E. K., Katseli, E., & Tsara, N. (2010). Marketing for a non-profit organization. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, 7(1), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12208-010-0049-2
Boadella, M. G. (2011). Museos universitarios en México: Realidad y utopia. https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/bitstream/handle/18452/9268/9.pdf?sequence=1
Brida, J. G., Disegna, M., & Scuderi, R. (2013). Visitors of two types of museums: A segmentation study. Expert Systems with Applications, 40(6), 2224–2232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2012.10.039
Brooksbank, R. (1994). The Anatomy of Marketing Positioning Strategy. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 12(4), 10–14. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634509410060695
Burton, C., Louviere, J., & Young, L. (2009). Retaining the visitor, enhancing the experience: Identifying attributes of choice in repeat museum visitation. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 14(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.1002/nvsm.351
Camacho Gómez, M. (2017). Museos del Chocolate en Europa: Historia, marketing y turismo. En El periplo sustentable (Vol. 30, pp. 658–689).
Carmona, I. M., & Freitag, V. (2014). Los Museos en el Siglo XXI: Nuevos retos, nuevas oportunidades. Revista Digital do LAV, 7(1), 030–049. https://doi.org/10.5902/1983734812510
Carpenter, G. S. (1989). Perceptual Position and Competitive Brand Strategy in a Two-Dimensional, Two-Brand Market. Management Science, 35(9), 1029–1044. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.9.1029
Chhabra, D. (2008). Positioning museums on an authenticity continuum. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(2), 427–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2007.12.001
Chong, D. (1999). A ‘Family of Galleries’: Repositioning the Tate Gallery. Museum Management and Curatorship, 18(2), 145–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647779900301802
Cobb-Walgren, C. J., Ruble, C. A., & Donthu, N. (1995). Brand Equity, Brand Preference, and Purchase Intent. Journal of Advertising, 24(3), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.1995.10673481
Fuchs, C., & Diamantopoulos, A. (2010). Evaluating the effectiveness of brand‐positioning strategies from a consumer perspective. European Journal of Marketing, 44(11/12), 1763–1786. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561011079873
Geladaki, S., & Papadimitriou, G. (2014). University Museums as Spaces of Education: The Case of the History of Education Museum at the University of Athens. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 147, 300–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.174
Gregoriou, M. (2019). Creative Thinking features and museum interactivity: Examining the narrative and Possibility Thinking features in primary classrooms using learning resources associated with museum visits. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 32, 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2019.03.003
Gursoy, D., Baloglu, S., & Chi, C. G. (2009). Destination Competitiveness of Middle Eastern Countries: An Examination of Relative Positioning. Anatolia, 20(1), 151–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2009.10518901
Gwin, C. F., & Gwin, C. R. (2003). Product Attributes Model: A Tool for Evaluating Brand Positioning. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 11(2), 30–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2003.11658494
Hauser, J. R. (1988). Note—Competitive Price and Positioning Strategies. Marketing Science, 7(1), 76–91. https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.7.1.76
Hollenbeck, C. R., Peters, C., & Zinkhan, G. M. (2008). Retail Spectacles and Brand Meaning: Insights from a Brand Museum Case Study. Journal of Retailing, 84(3), 334–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2008.05.003
Iyer, P., Davari, A., Zolfagharian, M., & Paswan, A. (2019). Market orientation, positioning strategy and brand performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 81, 16–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.11.004
Jansen-Verbeke, M., & van Rekom, J. (1996). Scanning museum visitors. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(2), 364–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(95)00076-3
Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299305700101
Kemp, S. (2017). Design museum futures: Catalysts for education. Futures, 94, 59–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2017.04.002
Komarac, T., Ozretic-Dosen, D., & Skare, V. (2017). Understanding competition and service offer in museum marketing. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 30(2), 215–230. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARLA-07-2015-0159
Kotler, N., & Kotler, P. (2000). Can Museums be All Things to All People?: Missions, Goals, and Marketing’s Role. Museum Management and Curatorship, 18(3), 271–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647770000301803
Kumar Singal, A., & Kumar Jain, A. (2014). Emerging market firms: Measuring their success with strategic positioning maps. Journal of Business Strategy, 35(1), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-04-2013-0026
Lassar, W., Mittal, B., & Sharma, A. (1995). Measuring customer‐based brand equity. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 12(4), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363769510095270
Liu, C.-R., Liu, H.-K., & Lin, W.-R. (2015). Constructing Customer-based Museums Brand Equity Model: The Mediating Role of Brand Value: Customer-based Museums Brand Equity Model. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17(3), 229–238. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1979
Liu, W.-Y., & Chen, J. S. (2019). Constructing Brand Value of Museums. En Advances in Hospitality and Leisure (pp. 43–59). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1745-354220190000015003
Malhotra, N. K. (1981). A Scale to Measure Self-Concepts, Person Concepts, and Product Concepts. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(4), 456–464. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800407
Malhotra, N. K. (2010). Investigación de mercados. Pearson Educación.
Marty, P. F. (2007). Museum Websites and Museum Visitors: Before and After the Museum Visit. Museum Management and Curatorship, 22(4), 337–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647770701757708
McLean, F. (1995). A marketing revolution in museums? Journal of Marketing Management, 11(6), 601–616. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.1995.9964370
Moon, S., & Kamakura, W. A. (2017). A picture is worth a thousand words: Translating product reviews into a product positioning map. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 34(1), 265–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2016.05.007
Mottner, S., & Ford, J. B. (2008). Internal competition in a nonprofit museum context: Development of a scale. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 13(2), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.1002/nvsm.333
Orth, U. R., Bouzdine-Chameeva, T., & Brand, K. (2013). Trust during retail encounters: A touchy proposition. Journal of Retailing, 89(3), 301–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2013.02.002
Pike, S. (2012). Destination positioning opportunities using personal values: Elicited through the Repertory Test with Laddering Analysis. Tourism Management, 33(1), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.02.008
Radder, L., & Han, X. (2013). Perceived Quality, Visitor Satisfaction And Conative Loyalty In South African Heritage Museums. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 12(10), 1261. https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v12i10.8135
Robbins, J. E., & Robbins, S. S. (1981). Museum marketing: Identification of high, moderate, and low attendee segments. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 9(1–2), 66–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723566
Ruiz-Alba, J. L., Nazarian, A., Rodríguez-Molina, M. A., & Andreu, L. (2019). Museum visitors’ heterogeneity and experience processing. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 78, 131–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.12.004
Schembri, S. (2009). Reframing brand experience: The experiential meaning of Harley–Davidson. Journal of Business Research, 62(12), 1299–1310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.11.004
SEP. (2019). Principales Cifras del Sistema Educativo Nacional 2018-2019 (versión bolsillo). [Http://www.planeacion.sep.gob.mx/est adisticaeindicadores.aspx].
Siano, A., Eagle, L., Confetto, M. G., & Siglioccolo, M. (2010). Destination competitiveness and museum marketing strategies: An emerging issue in the Italian context. Museum Management and Curatorship, 25(3), 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2010.498984
SIC. (2019). Red Nacional de Información Cultural. https://sic.gob.mx/?table=museo&disciplina=&estado_id=21#
Spears, N., & Singh, S. N. (2004). Measuring Attitude toward the Brand and Purchase Intentions. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 26(2), 53–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2004.10505164
Stepchenkova, S., & Li, X. (Robert). (2014). Destination image: Do top-of-mind associations say it all? Annals of Tourism Research, 45, 46–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.12.004
Todd, S., & Lawson, R. (2001). Lifestyle segmentation and museum/gallery visiting behaviour. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 6(3), 269–277. https://doi.org/10.1002/nvsm.152
Washburn, J. H., Till, B. D., & Priluck, R. (2004). Brand alliance and customer-based brand-equity effects. Psychology and Marketing, 21(7), 487–508. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20016
Wood, L. (2000). Brands and brand equity: Definition and management. Management Decision, 38(9), 662–669. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740010379100
Zhang, Y., (Roger) Jiao, J., & Ma, Y. (2007). Market segmentation for product family positioning based on fuzzy clustering. Journal of Engineering Design, 18(3), 227–241. https://doi.org/10.1080/09544820600752781
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2021 Mtra. Tere Itzel Alva Juárez, Dr. Héctor Hugo Pérez Villarreal, Dra. Judith Cavazos Arroyo, Mtro. Pedro Arturo Flores Gómez
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Confirmo que o trabalho é original (de minha/nossa autoria), e que não será submetido a outras revistas ou publicações até a resolução final do processo de revisão em PASOS, RTPC.
Autorizo a publicação do meu trabalho por PASOS, PSTN de acesso livre e aberto em qualquer dos formatos que considere oportuno, por tempo indeterminado e como colaboração não remunerada.
Da mesma forma, o(s) autor(es) entende(m) que o trabalho publicado pode ser vinculado ou depositado em qualquer servidor ou incluído em outras publicações (republicação), desde que o novo local e/ou a nova edição façam referência à publicação original e reconheçam a autoria e propriedade de direitos autorais das publicações PASOS RTPC.
Os autores entendem que uma verificação de plágio autoplágio será realizada, e o artigo poderá ser removido a qualquer momento do fluxo editorial.