Turismo como instrumento de desenvolvimento: Uma visão alternativa desde fatores humanos, sociais e institucionais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2012.10.061Palavras-chave:
desenvolvimento, turismo, política turística, governação, instituições, capital humano, capital socialResumo
É consensual que a actividade turística é um instrumento eficaz e eficiente de desenvolvimento económico e social. No entanto, apesar das frequentes declarações políticas a este respeito, é notória a falta de um quadro teórico-prático de turismo para o desenvolvimento. Muitas questões-chave necessitam de uma análise mais aprofundada: (i) o que entendemos como desenvolvimento para estes efeitos; (ii) qual é a contribuição do turismo para esse desenvolvimento; e (iii) que formulação e âmbito devem ter as políticas turísticas e a sua governação para que o turismo seja realmente um instrumento de desenvolvimento. Este artigo expõe uma breve análise-resposta a estas questões. Tendo em conta os paradigmas de desenvolvimento das últimas décadas (modernização, neoliberalismo, dependência e sustentabilidade), consideram-se propostas apoiadas na Nova Economia Institucional e na Teoria do Capital Social, e possíveis conteúdos da política e governança do turismo vis-à-vis desenvolvimento. Neste contexto, os resultados da consulta realizada em 2011 a 60 peritos de 15 países, nos domínios académico, profissional e político, são igualmente apresentados.Downloads
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