Diagnóstico de prioridades para el desarrollo turístico en Samota, Indonesia: un enfoque de análisis de componentes principales aplicado a los cuatro pilares (4A)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2026.24.066Palabras clave:
desarrollo turístico, competitividad del destino, cuatro pilares (4A), análisis de componentes principales (ACP), destinos emergentesResumen
Samota, un destino emergente en la isla de Sumbawa (Indonesia), ha sido designado área turística estratégica para impulsar el crecimiento económico local; sin embargo, el desarrollo sigue fragmentado entre los componentes fundamentales del destino. Este estudio evalúa las perspectivas de desarrollo de Samota mediante los cuatro pilares del desarrollo turístico —atracciones, accesibilidad, amenidades y servicios de apoyo— a partir de una encuesta aplicada a 179 turistas, empresas turísticas y gestores del destino. Se emplea un análisis de componentes principales (ACP) para identificar la estructura latente de los pilares y su fortaleza relativa. Los resultados sitúan a Samota en una categoría de perspectiva condicional: todos los pilares presentan potencial de desarrollo, pero la débil integración entre ellos limita la ventaja competitiva. Las puntuaciones por componente indican que la prioridad más urgente es fortalecer las amenidades, seguida de mejorar la calidad de la accesibilidad, reforzar los servicios de apoyo y consolidar y articular las atracciones existentes en productos coherentes. Los hallazgos fundamentan una hoja de ruta por etapas, orientada a la integración, para destinos emergentes que buscan competitividad e impacto económico local sostenible.
Descargas
Datos de publicación
Perfil evaluadores/as N/D
Declaraciones de autoría
- Editor y equipo editorial
- Perfiles
- Sociedad académica
- PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural
- Editorial
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Social y Turismo. Universidad de La Laguna (España) - Instituto Universitario da Maia ISMAI (Portugal)
Para obtener más información sobre un dato, haga clic 
PF es mantenido por el Public Knowledge Project
Citas
Ahmad, N., Sinaii, N., Panahi, S., Bagereka, P., Serna-Tamayo, C., Shnayder, S., Ameli, R., & Berger, A. (2022). The FACIT-Sp spiritual wellbeing scale: a factor analysis in patients with severe and/or life-limiting medical illnesses. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 11(12), 3663–3673. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-22-692
Ahmed, H., & Riaz, H. (2024). The potential of accessible tourism for sustainable development of local communities in northern Pakistan. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 20(3), 104–125. https://doi.org/10.7341/20242036
Akbar, P. N. G., Auliya, A., Pranita, D., & Oktadiana, H. (2024). The readiness assessment of Jakarta as a smart tourism city. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2364386
Assaf, A. G., Atkinson, S. E., & Tsionas, M. G. (2020). Endogeneity in multiple output production: Evidence from the US hotel industry. Tourism Management, 80, 104124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104124
Bagaihing, M., Mantolas, C. M., Sanam, S. R., & Murni, K. L. (2022). Cultural Preservation of Tenun Ikat in Sustainable Tourism Perspective for iGeneration in Tourism Department of Politeknik Negeri Kupang. Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Social Science 2022 (ICAST-SS 2022), 311–314. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-83-1_56
Bhatt, K., Seabra, C., Kumar, J., Ashutosh, K., & Kumar Kabia, S. (2024). Tourism-Led Inclusive Growth in Emerging and Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review. SAGE Open, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241252516
Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing the competitive destination of the future. Tourism Management, 21(1), 97–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00095-3
Cheng, T. E., Li, S., Zhang, H., & Cao, M. (2021). Examining the Antecedents of Environmentally Responsible Behaviour: Relationships among Service Quality, Place Attachment and Environmentally Responsible Behaviour. Sustainability, 13(18), 10297. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810297
Crouch, G. I., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (1999). Tourism, Competitiveness, and Societal Prosperity. Journal of Business Research, 44(3), 137–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00196-3
Díaz-Padilla, V. T., Travar, I., Acosta-Rubio, Z., & Parra-López, E. (2023). Tourism Competitiveness versus Sustainability: Impact on the World Economic Forum Model Using the Rasch Methodology. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813700
Dumitrașcu, A. V., Teodorescu, C., & Cioclu, A. (2023). Accessibility and Tourist Satisfaction—Influencing Factors for Tourism in Dobrogea, Romania. Sustainability, 15(9), 7525. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097525
Evloeva, A. (2024). Research on the concept of tourist attractiveness. Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality, 4(1).
Gatto, R. V., Cserpes, B., & Noennig, J. R. (2025). Geospatial Attractiveness Evaluation for Tourism Destination Area Analysis. Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2025 Workshops, 415–422. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-97663-6_37
González-Rodríguez, M. R., Díaz-Fernández, M. C., & Pulido-Pavón, N. (2023). Tourist destination competitiveness: An international approach through the travel and tourism competitiveness index. Tourism Management Perspectives, 47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101127
Hadiwijaya, H., Yustini, T., & Annisa, M. L. (2025). Effect of destination image, amenities on revisit intention with visitor satisfaction. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 6(3), 281–293. https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v6i3.2173
Hailuddin, Suryatni, M., & Irwan, M. (2024). Rural Economic Development Strategy through Village Tourism Development with the Exploitation of Local Potential (Empirical Study in Kebon Ayu Village, West Lombok). Journal of Economics, Finance And Management Studies, 07(10). https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i10-28
Halawa, K., & Listyorini, H. (2025). Provision and Development of Tourism Amenities in the Context of Tourist Comfort and Sustainability in Economic, Socio-Cultural and Environmental Identity of Tourism Villages. Journal of Tourism Economics and Policy, 5(3), 373–384. https://doi.org/10.38142/jtep.v5i3.1347
Harisdani, D. D., & Simalango, A. B. (2023). Redesign Hotel Resort with Regionalism Architecture Approach In Lumban Pea Integrated Tourism Area Development Masterplan. International Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, 7(1), 60–71. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijau.v7i1.11688
Henríquez, C. S., Cano, A. J. R., Galán, J. H., & Robles, Y. M. de la F. (2022). The past, present, and future of accessible tourism research A bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database. Journal of Accessibility and Design for All, 12(01).
Hesna, Y., Helmi, H., Suraji, A., & Lenggogeni, S. (2023). The Role of Tourism Infrastructure in Tourism Development: A Literature Review. Journal of Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.12962/jifam.v5i1.20526
Hubner, I. B., Pramono, R., Bernedeta Sitorus, N., & Lemy, D. M. (2022). Implementation of the Four Pillars of Sustainable Tourism Destinations in the Tourism Village of Kampung Keranggan, South Tangerang. BIRCI Journal, 5(1), 510–520. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i1.3639
Iamtrakul, P., Chayphong, S., Seo, D., & Trinh, T. A. (2025). Promoting accessibility for sustainable tourism: a spatial analysis of tourist attractions and public transportation networks in Bangkok. City, Territory and Architecture, 12(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40410-025-00266-8
Ikasari, H. (2021). Strategies to Improve the Attractiveness of Sam Poo Kong Temple As Cultural Tourism Site of Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jitode.2021.009.01.01
Ismadi, I., & Suwitho, S. (2024). The effect of tourism attraction and tourist experience on revisit intention mediated by tourist satisfaction (a study at mount bromo tourist destination, east java). International Conference of Business and Social Sciences, 3(1), 474–486. https://doi.org/10.24034/icobuss.v3i1.401
Jolliffe, I. T., & Cadima, J. (2016). Principal component analysis: a review and recent developments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374(2065), 20150202. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0202
Karim, R., Latip, N. A., Marzuki, A., Shah, A., & Muhammad, F. (2021). Impact of Supply Components-4As on Tourism Development: Case of Central Karakoram National Park, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 9(1), 411–424.
Korbiel, K., Gmyrek, K., & Kruczek, Z. (2025). A Review of Research on Inclusive Tourism: Clusters of Thematic Links and Research Gaps. Sustainability, 17(14), 6521. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146521
Liu, C.-Y., Li, C.-P., Chen, C.-C., Hsu, C.-H., & Lin, C.-H. (2023). Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage Show: Exploring the Sustainable Development of Taiwan’s Religious Tourism from the Perspectives of Attraction, Happiness, and Revisit Intention. Sustainability, 15(11), 8744. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118744
Liu, H., Zhang, J., Jia, Z., & Yan, H. (2025). The impact of amenities in rural bed and breakfasts on tourists’ emotional experience and behavioral intentions: Perspectives from amenity theory. Acta Psychologica, 254, 104828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104828
Masiero, L., & Hrankai, R. (2022). Modeling tourist accessibility to peripheral attractions. Annals of Tourism Research, 92, 103343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103343
Mazziotta, M., & Pareto, A. (2024). Principal component analysis for constructing socio-economic composite indicators: theoretical and empirical considerations. SN Social Sciences, 4(6), 114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-024-00920-x
Morrison, A. M., Cheah, J.-H. (Jacky), & Kumar, R. (2025). A destination performance measurement framework: exploring the relationships among performance criteria and revisit intentions. Current Issues in Tourism, 28(5), 773–791. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2024.2309149
Mosha, N. F., & Ngulube, P. (2023). The utilisation of open research data repositories for storing and sharing research data in higher learning institutions in Tanzania. Library Management, 44(8/9), 566–580. https://doi.org/10.1108/LM-05-2023-0042
Mustafa, H. A., Ismael, G. A., & Hassan, A. R. (2021). The Role of Tour Guides in Developing Tourism Sector: From Managers Perspectives of Travel and Tourism Companies Operating in Erbil. 2020 International Conference on Resources Management, 79–96. https://doi.org/10.14500/icrm2020.Gen293
Nazaruddin, Thamrina, S., Yani, A., Chalirafi, & Alfiady, T. (2023). Sustainability Tourism Of Management Object. Proceedings of International Conference on Social Science, Political Science, and Humanities (ICoSPOLHUM), 3, 00041. https://doi.org/10.29103/icospolhum.v3i.236
Ngarbingan, H. K., Lanisy, N. A., & Akbara, A. Z. (2023). The Potential Development of Karang Tawulan Beach as a Tourism Destination in Tasikmalaya Regency. International Journal of Applied Business and International Management, 8(1), 74–88. https://doi.org/10.32535/ijabim.v8i1.2054
Panagiotopoulou, P., & Skoultsos, S. (2025). Stakeholders’ Involvement in Sustainable Destination Management: A Systematic Literature Review of Existing Multi-Stakeholder Frameworks and Approaches. Tourism and Hospitality, 6(5), 250. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp6050250
Papečkys, S., & Jasinskas, E. (2024). Tourism destination sustainability: The systematic literature review. Smart Tourism, 5(1), 2484. https://doi.org/10.54517/st.v5i1.2484
Pasuhuk, L. S., & Mandagi, D. W. (2025). Key Drivers Of Sustainable Tourism Destination Attractiveness. Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal, 6(3), 2644–2660.
Platov, A. V., Novichkova, I. A., Litvinova, O. I., & Khoreeva, N. K. (2022). Impression management in tourism. Research Result Business and Service Technologies, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.18413/2408-9346-2022-8-4-0-4
Putra, F. K. K., & Ucu Rakhman, C. (2024). Do Attractions ‘Attract’ Tourists? A Comparative Study Four Destinations Using Travel Career Pattern (TCP) and Tourism Product Taxonomy. ASEAN Journal on Hospitality and Tourism, 22(3), 268–281. https://doi.org/10.5614/ajht.2024.22.3.02
Qin, X., Meng, F., Meitner, M., & Ni, A. (2021). Visual Evaluation of Regional Tourism Attractiveness Based On Transportation: a GIS Quantitative Analysis Method. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-850252/v1
Reinhold, S., Beritelli, P., & Laesser, C. (2023). The 2022 consensus on advances in destination management. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 29, 100797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2023.100797
Rizaldi, A. S., Rumanti, A. A., & Andrawina, L. (2024). Sustainable Tourism Industry in Indonesia through Mapping Natural Tourism Potential: Taxonomy Approach. Sustainability, 16(10), 4201. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104201
Scalabrini, E. C. B., & Remoaldo, P. C. (2024). Principal Component Analysis in Tourism. In Encyclopedia of Tourism (pp. 1–2). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_580-3
Simorangkir, C. O., Ramadhan, G., Sukran, M. A., & Manalu, T. (2024). Tourism Development Impact on Economic Growth and Poverty Alleviation in West Java. Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kepariwisataan Indonesia, 18(2), 175–196. https://doi.org/10.47608/jki.v18i22024.175-196
Sirkis, G., Regalado-Pezúa, O., Carvache-Franco, O., & Carvache-Franco, W. (2022). The Determining Factors of Attractiveness in Urban Tourism: A Study in Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Bogota, and Lima. Sustainability, 14(11), 6900. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116900
Soeswoyo, D. M., Putu Swasti Asparini Syahrijati, Dimas Aryo Baskoro, Damas Aryo Anggoro, & Mega Jayanti Sutisna. (2022). Tourism Components Analysis and Sustainable Rural Tourism Development Planning Based on Culture and Agriculture in Indonesia (Case Study: Cimande Village). East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(6), 1129–1146. https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v1i6.752
Stratton, S. J. (2021). Population Research: Convenience Sampling Strategies. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 36(4), 373–374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X21000649
Sun, Z., Liu, L., Pan, R., Wang, Y., & Zhang, B. (2025). Tourism and economic growth: The role of institutional quality. International Review of Economics and Finance, 98, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2025.103913
Sutedja, J., & Pramono, R. (2024). The Influence of Monas Tourism Amenities and Accessibility Services on Senior-Friendly Tourism in Jakarta. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(8), 3170–3179. https://doi.org/10.59141/jist.v5i8.1280
UNESCO. (n.d.). Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB): SAMOTA. Https://Www.Unesco.Org/En/Mab/Samota?Utm_source=chatgpt.Com.
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2019). UNWTO Guidelines for Institutional Strengthening of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) – Preparing DMOs for new challenges. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284420841
Uula, M. M., Maulida, S., & Rusydiana, A. S. (2023). Tourism Sector Development and Economic Growth in OIC Countries Uula et al., Tourism Sector Development and Economic Growth in OIC Countries. Halal Tourism and Primage, 3(1), 1–13. https://journals.smartinsight.id/index.php/HTP/article/view/343/321
World Bank Group. (2022). Destination management handbook. The World Bank Group. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099451003012313859/pdf/IDU07402ad17053a5043c909eb80cd040870838c.pdf
Xu, J., & Wang, P. (2022). Study on distribution characteristic of tourism attractions in international cultural tourism demonstration region in South Anhui in China. PLOS ONE, 17(6), e0269948. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269948
Y. Yuliana, A.M. Ningsih, V. Kristiana, A.P. Maharani, & C. Syahni. (2025). Sustainability of natural tourism attraction and satisfaction . Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management (GJESM), 11(3), 1185–1198.
Yen, H.-P., Chen, P.-C., & Ho, K.-C. (2021). Analyzing Destination Accessibility From the Perspective of Efficiency Among Tourism Origin Countries. Sage Open, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211005752
Zebua, M., Narimawati, U., & Juju, U. (2025). Analyzing the Impact of Attractions, Accessibility, and Facilities on Customer Value in Tourism Destinations. Almana : Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 9(2), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.36555/almana.v9i2.2863
Zou, Y., & Yu, Q. (2022). Sense of safety toward tourism destinations: A social constructivist perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 24, 100708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2022.100708
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Rudi Masniadi Masniadi, Maryunani Maryunani, Dwi Budi Santoso, Faishal Fadli
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Confirmo que el trabajo es original (de mi/nuestra autoría), y que no se someterá a otras revistas o publicaciones hasta la resolución definitiva del proceso de revisión en PASOS, RTPC.
Autorizo la publicación de mi trabajo por PASOS, RTPC de acceso abierto y gratuito en cualquiera de los formatos que estime oportunos, por un plazo indeterminado y a título de colaboración no remunerada.
Asimismo, el/los autor/es entiende/n que el trabajo publicado podrá vincularse o depositarse en cualquier servidor o ser incluido en otras publicaciones (republicación), siempre y cuando el nuevo lugar y/o la nueva edición referencie la publicación original y reconozca la autoría y la propiedad del copyright de las publicaciones de PASOS RTPC.
Los/as autores/as entienden que se realizará una comprobación de plagio-autoplagio, pudiendo retirarse el artículo en cualquier momento del flujo editorial
