Analysis and characterisation of potential visitors to a protected coastal natural area: the case of the Lagunas de la Mata y Torrevieja Natural Park (Alicante)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2026.24.015Keywords:
sustainable tourism, protected natural areas, tourism planning, coastal tourism, visitor managementAbstract
The present research study aims at gauging the level of knowledge and attraction of the Natural Park of the Lagunas de La Mata and Torrevieja (Alicante), as well as to delve into the determining factors for visiting them from within the evolving framework of 3S destinations, and the need to establish new approaches towards diversification and enhanced quality of coastal tourism, by complemtation with undervalued resources that promote sustainable products and services. To this end, this research uses a combined methodology based on a review of the scientific literature relating to protected natural areas and their potential to diversify, differentiate and qualify tourist destinations. In addition, quantitative and qualitative techniques are used, specifically the design of a structured questionnaire aimed at potential visitors to this protected natural area in southeastern Spain, as well as in-depth interviews with agents directly related to the management and promotion of this natural area. As main results, this work underlines the importance of taking into account the tourist motivations and highlights the relevance of taking advantage of the attractiveness of ornithology as a first level tourist resource.
Downloads
Publication Facts
Reviewer profiles N/A
Author statements
- Academic society
- PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural
- Publisher
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Social y Turismo. Universidad de La Laguna (España) - Instituto Universitario da Maia ISMAI (Portugal)
References
Agarwal, S. (2002). Restructuring seaside tourism: The resort lifecycle. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 25-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00002-0
Agencia Europea del Medio Ambiente (2023). Recuperado de: https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/topics/in-depth/biodiversity/an-introduction-to-europes-protected-areas. Último acceso: noviembre 2024
Asociación de Ecoturismo de España (2023). Recuperado de: https://www.soyecoturista.com/asociacion/observatorio-ecoturismo/. Último acceso: noviembre 2024
Belsoy, J., Korir, J., & Yego, J. (2012). Environmental impacts of tourism in protected areas. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 2(10), 64-73.
Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research Methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Buckley, R. (2002). Draft principles for tourism in protected areas. Journal of Ecotourism, 1(1), 75-80.
Butzmann, E., & Job, H. (2020). Developing a typology of sustainable protected area tourism products. In Protected Areas, Sustainable Tourism and Neo-liberal Governance Policies (pp. 40-59). Routledge.
Canteiro, M., Córdova-Tapia, F., & Brazeiro, A. (2018). Tourism impact assessment: A tool to evaluate the environmental impacts of touristic activities in Natural Protected Areas. Tourism Management Perspectives, 28, 220-227.
Carrillo-Vargas, A. I., La Cruz, D. A. Á., Sánchez, J. P. J., Aguilar-González, L. A., & García-García, C. G. (2021). Turismo rural y turismo de naturaleza en la región de las Grandes Montañas de Veracruz. Rosa dos Ventos, 13(3), 662-680. https://doi.org/10.18226/21789061.v13i3p662
Celdrán Bernabéu, M. A., & Azorín Molina, C. (2004). La explotación industrial de las salinas de Torrevieja (Alicante). Investigaciones Geográficas, nº 35, 2004; pp. 105-132.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
Celdrán-Bernabéu, M. A., Braçe, O., Vera-Rebollo, J. F., Lara, E. J. L., & Cumbrera, M. G. (2023). Destinos costeros en la era del turismo de salud y bienestar: retos y oportunidades. El caso de Torrevieja (Alicante, España), Cuadernos de Turismo, (52), pp. 263-284. https://doi.org/10.6018/turismo.593631
Clavé, S. A., & Wilson, J. (2016). The evolution of coastal tourism destinations: a path plasticity perspective on tourism urbanisation. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(1), 96–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1177063
Climent, M. P. S., Sánchez, I. R., & Frías, M. C. (2011). Los espacios naturales protegidos litorales de la Comunidad Valenciana. Una oportunidad para la diversificación de los destinos turísticos consolidados de sol y playa. In Renovación de destinos turísticos consolidados (pp. 683-700). Tirant lo Blanch.
Deng, J., King, B., & Bauer, T. (2002). Evaluating natural attractions for tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 29(2), 422-438.
Eagles, P. F. (2009). Governance of recreation and tourism partnerships in parks and protected areas. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(2), 231-248. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802495725
Eagles, P. F. (2002). Trends in park tourism: Economics, finance and management. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(2), pp. 132-153.
Estrategia de Desarrollo Turístico de Torrevieja. Recuperado de: https://estrategia.turismodetorrevieja.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/ResumenEjecutivo_Torrevieja.pdf. Último acceso: noviembre 2024.
EUROPARC-España. (2021). Anuario 2020 del estado de las áreas protegidas en España. Ed. Fundación Fernando González Bernáldez, Madrid.
Farra, F. (2002). Parque natural y turismo de masas, ¿compatibilidad?: Estudio de las relaciones entre el parque natural de las lagunas de La Mata y Torrevieja y la estación balnearia de Torrevieja (España), Investigaciones Geográficas (España), (29), pp. 39-56
Fink, A. (2013). How to conduct surveys: A step-by-step guide (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Fredman, P., & Margaryan, L. (2020). 20 years of Nordic nature-based tourism research: a review and future research agenda. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 21(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2020.1823247
Gross, M., Pearson, J., Arbieu, U., Riechers, M., Thomsen, S., & Martin-Lopez, B. (2023). Tourists’ valuation of nature in protected areas: A systematic review, Ambio, 52(6), 1065-1084. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-023-01845-0
Hall, C.M., Scott, D., & Gössling, S. (2020). Pandemics, transformations and tourism: be careful what you wish for, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 22(3), 577- 598. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1759131
Hewlett, D. et al. (2024). Tourism and Visitor Management in Protected Areas Post-pandemic: The English Context. In: Finneran, N., Hewlett, D., Clarke, R. (eds) Managing Protected Areas. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40783-3_15
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) (2024). Padrón de población. Último acceso: marzo 2023.
Jamal, T., & Stronza, A. (2009). Collaboration theory and tourism practice in protected areas: Stakeholders, structuring and sustainability. Journal of Sustainable tourism, 17(2), 169-189. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802495741
Laarman, J. G., & Durst, P. B. (1993). Nature tourism as a tool for economic development and conservation of natural resources. Nature tourism in Asia: opportunities and constraints for conservation and economic development. US Forest Service, Washington, DC, 1-19.
Larson, C.L, Reed, S.E, Merenlender, A.M, Crooks K.R (2016). Effects of Recreation on Animals Revealed as Widespread through a Global Systematic Review. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0167259. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167259
Leung, Y. F., Spenceley, A., Hvenegaard, G., Buckley, R., & Groves, C. (2018). Tourism and visitor management in protected areas: Guidelines for sustainability (Vol. 27). Gland, Switzerland: IuCN.
MITECO (Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales). Recuperado de: https://www.miteco.gob.es/content/dam/miteco/es/parques-nacionales-oapn/red-parques-nacionales/la-red/Memoria%20Anual%20Red%20de%20Parques%20Nacionales%202021.pdf. Último acceso: octubre 2024. Último acceso: noviembre 2024
Nyaupane, G. P., Poudel, S., & York, A. (2022). Governance of protected areas: an institutional analysis of conservation, community livelihood, and tourism outcomes. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(11), 2686-2705. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1858089
Neuman, W. L. (2014). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
Nuevo López, A., & Martínez del Vas, G. (2021). Turismo sostenible versus depredación turística. Islas Baleares. Revista Geográfica Venezolana, 62(2). 10.53766/RGV/2021.62.02.07
Organización Mundial del Turismo. (2023). Recuperado de https://www.unwto.org/tourism-data/global-and-regional-tourism-performance. Último acceso: noviembre 2024
Organismo Autónomo de Parques Nacionales (OAPN) (2023). Recuperado de: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/parques-nacionales-oapn.html. Último acceso: noviembre 2024.
Orihuela-Torres A, Sebastián-González E, Pérez-García JM. 2023. Outdoor recreation alters terrestrial vertebrate scavenger assemblage and carrion removal in a protected Mediterranean wetland. Animal Conservation, 26: 633-641. https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12848
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
Pelegrín, G. A. B., & Mira, R. S. (2019). Aspectos socioeconómicos, culturales y ambientales relacionados con la conservación de las lagunas de La Mata y Torrevieja (Alicante, SE España). Contribuciones a las Ciencias Sociales, (8), 2.
Protected Planet (2024). Protected Planet Report 2024. Recuperado de https://digitalreport.protectedplanet.net
Pujol-Fructuoso, J. A. (2022). Potencialidades de los ambientes salinos de Torrevieja para la conservación de la biodiversidad desde la colaboración privado-pública. En Sánchez-Balibrea, J. M. y Martínez, N. (Coord.) Custodia del territorio en explotaciones salineras, Asociación de Naturalistas del Sureste, pp 77-92.
Pujol Fructuoso, J.A. y Calvo Sendín, J.F. (1997). Torrevieja, Cuadernos para su estudio, Medio Natural. Ayuntamiento de Torrevieja.
Quinn Patton, M. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Ramsar Site Information Services (2020). Lagunas de la Mata y Torrevieja. Recuperado de: https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/456. Último acceso: octubre 2024
Ren, T., Can, M., Paramati, S. R., Fang, J., & Wu, W. (2019). The impact of tourism quality on economic development and environment: Evidence from Mediterranean countries. Sustainability, 11(8), 2296. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082296
Ríos Rodríguez, N., Nieto Masot, A., & Cárdenas Alonso, G. (2022). Los efectos de la COVID-19 en el sector turístico de las Comunidades Autónomas españolas. Boletín De La Asociación De Geógrafos Españoles, (94). https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.3279
Ryman, A. (2016). Social research methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Spenceley, A., McCool, S., Newsome, D., Báez, A., Barborak, J. R., Blye, C. J., ... & Zschiegner, A. K. (2021). Tourism in protected and conserved areas amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Parks, (27), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2021.PARKS-27-SIAS.en
Strzelecka, M., Prince, S., & Boley, B. B. (2021). Resident connection to nature and attitudes towards tourism: findings from three different rural nature tourism destinations in Poland. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(3), 664–687. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2021.1995399
Ulate, G. V. (2009). Turismo y espacios naturales protegidos en Costa Rica: enfrentamiento o concertación. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, (123-124). https://doi.org/10.15517/rcs.v0i123-124.8814
Vera-Rebollo, J. F., Ivars-Baidal, J., & Celdrán Bernabéu, M. A. (2016). Evolución y metabolismo de un lugar transformado por el turismo de masas. Una interpretación del modelo turístico de Torrevieja desde la teoría de la dependencia de la trayectoria (Path Dependence). En Vera, J. Fernando; Olcina, Jorge; Hernández, María (eds.). Paisaje, cultura territorial y vivencia de la Geografía. Libro homenaje al profesor Alfredo Morales Gil. San Vicente del Raspeig: Publicaciones de la Universidad de Alicante, 2016. ISBN 978-84-16724-03-1, pp. 705-736
Vera Rebollo, J. F., López Palomeque, F., Marchena Gómez, M., & Antón Clavé, S. (2013). Análisis territorial del turismo y planificación de destinos turísticos. Tirant Humanidades.
Vera Rebollo, J. F., & Baños Castiñeira, C. J. (2010). Renovación y reestructuración de los destinos turísticos consolidados del litoral: las prácticas recreativas en la evolución del espacio turístico. Boletín De La Asociación De Geógrafos Españoles, (53). Recuperado a partir de https://bage.age-geografia.es/ojs/index.php/bage/article/view/1204
Zachrisson, A., Sandell, K., Fredman, P., & Eckerberg, K. (2006). Tourism and protected areas: motives, actors and processes. The International Journal of Biodiversity Science and Management, 2(4), 350-358.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Marco Antonio Celdrán-Bernabeu

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
I confirm that the work is original (of my/our authorship), and that it will not be submitted to other journals or publications until the final resolution of the review process in PASOS, RTPC.
I authorize the publication of my work by PASOS, PSTN of free and open access in any of the formats that I deem appropriate, for an indefinite period of time and as a non-remunerated collaboration.
Likewise, the author(s) understands that the published work may be linked or deposited on any server or included in other publications (republication), provided that the new place and/or new edition references the original publication and acknowledges the authorship and copyright ownership of PASOS RTPC publications.
Authors understand that a plagiarism-self-plagiarism check will be performed, and the article may be removed at any time from the editorial flow.


