La complejidad de la imagen de los destinos de costa: aportaciones metodológicas a partir del estudio de Menorca

Alfons Xavier Méndez Vidal

doi:10.25145/j.pasos.2020.18.054

Autores

Alfons Xavier Méndez Vidal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2020.18.054

Palavras-chave:

Turismo costeiro, Menorca, Imagem projectada, Imagem alvo

Resumo

Este artigo tenta conceptualizar a imagem dos destinos costeiros com base na análise de um local específico, Menorca. Tanto o conteúdo das imagens como o seu significado são estudados a fim de desvendar a sua função na configuração da imagem turística, bem como o papel que desempenham na apropriação dos arquétipos universais. Dois tipos de imagens são confrontados: cartazes e brochuras públicas, por um lado, e guias turísticos, por outro, com uma abordagem diacrónica. Como resultado, os destinos costeiros são mostrados como um produto complexo no qual, juntamente com as implicações óbvias associadas ao conceito de sol e praia, emerge um aspecto paisagístico importante, e onde os centros populacionais que são vistos também são relevantes. Desta forma, a imagem projectada não pode ser separada da imagem percebida pelos turistas.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Albers, P., James, W. (1988). Travel Photography: A Methodological Approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 15, 134–158.

Alonso, l. (2010). El turismo de salud en España, 1750-2009. En Anuario del CEEED, 2, 11-49.

Anjos, F.A. y Pereira, M.L. (2017). Evaluation of the image of a coastal tourism destination in Brazil. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 3, 324-338.

Ashworth, G.J. (1991). Products, places and promotion: destination images in the analysis of tourist industry. En Sinclair, M., Stabler, M. (ed.) The tourist industry: An international analysis. Wallingford: Cab International, 121-142.

Baloglu, S., Brinberg, D. (1997). Affective images of tourism destination. Journal of Travel Research, 35 (4), 11-15.

Baloglu, S., McCleary, K.W. (1999). A model of Destination Image Formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26 (4), 868-897.

Barthes, R. (1957). Mythologies. Paris: Editions Seuil.

Begley, l. (2017). The World's 50 Best Beaches, Ranked, Plus 6 Getaways Millennials Will Love. Forbes, 27/11/2017.

Boyer, M. (2002). El turismo en Europa, de la Edad Moderna al siglo XX. Historia Contemporánea, 25, 13-31.

Buck, Y. (1977). The Ubiquitous Tourist Brochure: Explorations in its Intended and Unintended Use. Annals of Tourism Research, 4 (4), 195-207.

Camprubí, R. Guía, J y Comas, J. (2014). Analyzing image fragmentation in promotional brochures: A case study of two urban destinations. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 38 (2), 135-161.

Cirer, J.C. (2012). The beginnings of tourism in Majorca. 1837–1914. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(4), 1779–1796.

Choi, S, Lehto, X.Y., Morrison, A.M. (2007). Destination image representation on the web: content analysis of Macau travel related websites. Tourism Management, 28(1), 118–129.

Crompton, J.L. (1979). An assessment of the image of Mexico as a vacation destination and the influence of geographical location upon the image. Journal of Travel Research, 17 (4), 18-23.

Dann, G. (1988). Images of Cyprus projected by tour operators. Problemy Turystyki, 11(3). 43–70.

Dann, G. (1996). The people of tourist brochures. En SEWYN, T. (ed.) The tourist image. Myths and myth making in tourism. Chichester: Wiley, 61–81.

Davins, A. (1925). Menorca, la isla blanca-azul. Barcelona: Atenas.

Descamps, G., Camprubí, R. (2018). 35 años de carteles turísticos en Cataluña: evolución de la imagen turística catalana del 1980 al 2015. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, 79, 2486, 1-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21138/bage.2486.

Echtner, C., Ritchie, J.R.B. (1991). The Meaning and Measurement of Destination Image. Journal of Tourism Studies, 2 (2), 2-12.

Echtner, C. (2002). The content of third world tourism marketing: a 4a approach. International Journal of Tourism Research, 4(6), 413–434.

Fakeye, P.C., Crompton, J.L. (1991). Image differences between prospective, first-time and repeat visitors to the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Journal of Travel Research, 30 (2), 10-16.

Galí, N., Donaire, J.A. (2003). La imagen a priori de los destinos turísticos monumentales: el caso de Girona. Papers de turisme, 34, 78-97.

Galí, N., Donaire, J.A. (2005). The social construction of the image of Girona: a methodological approach. Tourist Management, 26, 777-785.

Garrod, B. (2009). Understanding the relationship between tourism destination imagery and tourist photography. Journal of Travel Research, 47(3), 346–358.

Gartner, W. C. (1993). Image Formation Process. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2 (2/3), 191-215.

Goodall, B. (1991). Understanding Holiday Choice. En Cooper, C. (ed.). Progress in tourism, recreation and hospitality management. London: Beihaven Press, 58-77.

Gormsen, E. (1997). The impact of tourism on coastal areas. GeoJournal. 1 (42), 39-54.

Govers, R., Go, F.M. (2004). Projected destination image online: website content analysis of pictures and text. Information Technology & Tourism, 7(2), 73–89.

Gunn, C.A. (1988). Vacationscape: Designing Tourist Regions. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold (2a. Ed.).

Harvey, D. (1989). The Condition of Postmodernity. Oxford: Blackwell.

Hernández, J. (2008). La imagen de Andalucía. Sevilla: Fundación Centro de Estudios Andaluces.

Hunt, J.D. (1975). Image as a Factor in Tourism Development. Journal of Travel Research, 13, 1-7.

Hunter, W.C. (2008). A typology of photographic representations for tourism: depictions of groomed spaces. Tourism Management, 29(2), 354–365.

Hunter, W.C. (2016). The social construction of tourism online destination image: A comparative semiotic analysis of the visual representation of Seoul. Tourism Management, 54, 221–229.

Jenkins, O.H. (2003). Photography and travel brochures: the circle of representation. Tourism Geographies, 5(3), 305–328.

Kolbe, R.H. y Burnett, M.S. (1991). Content-analysis research: An examination on destination images. Journal of Tourism Research, 30, 216-237.

Kotler, P., Haider, D.H., Rein, I. (1994). Mercadotecnia de localidades. México: Diana.

Larrinaga, C. (2015). De las playas frías a las playas templadas: la popularización del turismo de ola en España en el siglo XX. Cuadernos de historia contemporánea, 37, 67-87.

Markwell, K.W. (1997). Dimensions of photography in a nature-based tour. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(1), 131–155.

Markwick, M. (2001). Postcards from Malta: image, consumption, context. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(2), 417–438.

Mansfeld, Y. (1992). From Motivation to Actual Travel. Annals of Tourism Research, 19 (3), 399-419.

Méndez, A. (2017). A la recerca del paradís. Història del turisme de Menorca. Maó: Institut Menorquí d’Estudis, 26-44.

Mercille, J. (2005). Media effects on image: the case of Tibet. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1039–1055.

Miossec, J.M. (1977). Un modèle de l’espace touristique. L’espace géographique, 1, 41-48.

Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. (2001). Advertising in Tourism and Leisure. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Moutinho, l. (1987). Consumer Behaviour in Tourism. European Journal of Marketing, 21 (10), 3-44.

Nelson, V. (2005). Representation and images of people, place and nature in Grenada’s tourism. Geografiska Annaler, 87 b (2), 131–143.

Paül, D. (2018). Characterizing the location of tourist images in cities. Differences in user-generating images (Instagram), official tourist brochures and travel guides. Annals of Tourism Research, 73, 103–115.

Pemple, J. (1987). The Mediterranean Passion. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Picazo, P., Moreno-Gil, S. (2017). Analysis of the projected image of tourism destinations on photographs: a literature review to prepare for the future. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 1-22.

Poutet, H. (1995). Images touristiques de l’Espagne: de la propagande politique à la promotion touristique. Paris: L’Harmattan.

Pritchard, A., Morgan, N.J. (1995). Evaluating vacation destination brochure images: The case of local authorities in Wales. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2, 23-38.

Pritchard, A., Morgan, N.J. (1996). Selling the Celtic arc to the USA: a comparative analysis of the destination brochure images used in the marketing of Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2(4), 346–365.

Sontag, S. (2002). On photography. London: Penguin.

Towner, J. (1985). The Grand Tour: A Key Phase in the History of Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 12, 173-189.

The 50 best beaches in the world. The Guardian, 16/02/2016.

Thurot, J.M., Thurot, G. (1983). The ideology of class and tourism confronting the discourse of advertising. Annals of Tourism Research, 10 (2), 173-189.

Urry, J. (1990a). The consumption of tourism. Sociology, 24(2), 23-35.

Urry, J. (1990b). The Tourist Gaze. London: SAGE.

Uzzell, D. (1984). An Alternative Structuralist Approach to the psychology of tourism marketing. Annals of Tourism Research, 11 (1), 79-99.

Verdaguer, M. (1928). Piedras y viento. Barcelona: Lux.