Certificação de turismo sustentável e os impactos socioeconômicos percebidos pelos hotéis na Costa Rica

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2019.17.025

Palavras-chave:

América Central, Comunidade Local, Hotéis, Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, Turismo Responsável

Resumo

Em resposta aos impactos negativos resultantes do rápido crescimento do turismo na Costa Rica, o Governo criou o Certificado de Turismo Sustentável (CST). Este estudo examina se os hotéis certificados percebem uma maior geração de benefícios socioeconômicos para suas comunidades locais e sua importância em optar pela certificação. Após analisar a literatura, administrar seis entrevistas e testar 35 hotéis, um questionário foi criado e finalmente preenchido por representantes de 121 hotéis. O principal resultado mostra que o OCS influencia positivamente a percepção dos impactos socioeconómicos positivos que os hotéis têm nas comunidades onde operam, embora estes pareçam ser efeitos secundários e não a principal razão para a adopção do OCS.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Almeyda, A. M., Broadbent, E. N., Wyman, M. S., & Durham, W. H. 2010. Ecotourism impacts in the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. International Journal of Tourism Research, 12(6), 803-819. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.797

Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C. A. 2005. Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056-1076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001

Bien, A. 2002. Environmental Certification for Tourism in Central America: CST and Other Programs. In Honey, M.: Ecotourism and Certification: Setting Standards in Practice. Washington: Island Press.

Bridger, J. C., & Luloff, A. E. 1999. Toward an interactional approach to sustainable community development. Journal of Rural Studies, 15(4), 377-387. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(98)00076-X

Briedenhann, J., & Wickens, E. 2004. Tourism routes as a tool for the economic development of rural areas—vibrant hope or impossible dream? Tourism Management, 25(1), 71-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00063-3

Buckley, R. 2012. Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39, 528-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.02.003

Cañada, E. y Gascón, J. 2007. Turismo y Desarrollo: Herramientas para una mirada crítica. Managua: Enlace. Disponible en http://www.albasud.org/downloads/142.pdf

Cordobés, M. y Sanz, B. (Coord.) 2009. Turismo para el Desarrollo. Barcelona: Obra Social. Fundación “la Caixa”. Disponible en https://multimedia.caixabank.es/lacaixa/ondemand/obrasocial/agendaelectronica/cooperacioninternacional/turismo/pdf/turismo_para_el_desarrollo.pdf

De Rave, K. 2010. Estudio de caso sobre los requisitos del programa Certificado de Sostenibilidad Turística (CST) del Instituto Costarricense de Turismo (ICT) para posadas de turismo rural. Tesis como requisito para optar por el título de máster en gestión de Turismo Sostenible. UCI. San José, CR. 106p.

DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. 1983. The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147–160. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095101

Fleischer, A., & Felsenstein, D. 2000. Support for rural tourism: Does it make a difference? Annals of Tourism Research, 27(4), 1007-1024. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00126-7

Flores, A. 2014. Compendio de los logros más importantes del Ministro de Turismo en el periodo 2011-2014 (Informe final de gestión). Instituto Costarricense de Turismo. Disponible en http://www.ict.go.cr/es/documentos-institucionales/departamento-de-recursos-humanos/informes-finales-de-gesti%C3%B3n/455-informe-final-de-labores-lic-allan-flores-moya,-ex-ministro-de-turismo/file.html

Global Sustainable Tourism Council. 2016. List of Recognized Standards for Hotels & Tour Operators. Disponible en https://www.gstcouncil.org/en/gstc-criteria-hotels-tour-operators-destinations/gstc-recognized-standards/gstc-recognized-standards-for-hotels.html

Hernández, R.; Fernández, C., & Baptista, P. 2010. Metodología de la Investigación. 5ta Ed. México: McGraw-Hill

Honey, M. 2003. Giving a Grade to Costa Rica’s Green Tourism. NACLA Report on the Americas, 36(6), 39-47.

Horton, L. R. 2009. Buying Up Nature: Economic and Social Impacts of Costa Rica’s Ecotourism Boom. Latin American Perspectives, 36(3), 93-107.

Hunt, C. A., Durham, W. H., Driscoll, L., & Honey, M. 2015. Can ecotourism deliver real economic, social, and environmental benefits? A study of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(3), 339-357. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2014.965176

Idelhadj, A., Rivera Mateos, M., & Rodríguez García, L. 2012. Turismo responsable, espacios rurales y naturales y cooperación para el desarrollo: a propósito de la “Declaración de Tetuán” (Marruecos). PASOS Revista de turismo y patrimonio cultural, 10(5), 651–664. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2012.10.079

Instituto Costarricense de Turismo (ICT) 2018a. Anuario Estadístico de Turismo 2018: Divisas por concepto de turismo. Disponible en http://www.ict.go.cr/es/estadisticas.html

Instituto Costarricense de Turismo (ICT) 2018b. Certificación para la Sostenibilidad Turística. Disponible en http://www.turismo-sostenible.co.cr/

Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio). 2016. Biodiversidad en Costa Rica. (En línea). Disponible en: http://www.inbio.ac.cr/conservacion.html

Lane, B. 2011. Sustainable rural tourism strategies: A tool for development and conservation. Revista Interamericana de Ambiente Y Turismo - RIAT, 1(1), 12-18. https://doi.org/10.4067/riatvol1iss1pp12-18%0718-235X

LePree, J.G. 2009. Certifying Sustainability: The Efficacy of Costa Rica’s Certification for sustainable tourism. Florida Atlantic Comparative Studies Journal 11: 57-78.

Lindberg, K., & Aylward, B. 1999. Price Responsiveness in the Developing Country Nature Tourism Context: Review and Costa Rican Case Study. Journal of Leisure Research, 31(3), 281-299.

Lowndes, V. & Roberts, M. 2013. Why institutions matter. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.

Lyon, T. P., & Maxwell, J. W. 2007. Environmental Public Voluntary Programs Reconsidered. Policy Studies Journal, 35(4), 723-750. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2007.00245.x

Matarrita-Cascante, D., Brennan, M. A., & Luloff, A. E. 2010. Community agency and sustainable tourism development: the case of La Fortuna, Costa Rica. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(6), 735-756. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669581003653526

Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. 1977. Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83(2), 340–363. https://doi.org/10.1086/226550

Mok, C.S. 2005. Turismo y ambiente: un potencial para el desarrollo económico para Costa Rica. Reflexiones 84 (2): 25-37.

Molina, S. A., & Clifton, J. 2014. Perceptions of institutions and development in rural Costa Rica. The Journal of Rural and Community Development, 9(4): 80-101. http://journals.brandonu.ca/jrcd/article/view/898

Molina-Murillo, S., Hernández, M., & Shreeve, K. 2016. Understanding the link between benefits from protected areas and its relationship with surrounding communities: An exploration in Costa Rica. Parks Journal, 22(1):77-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2016.PARKS-22-1SAM-M.en

Murray, G. 2007. Constructing Paradise: The Impacts of Big Tourism in the Mexican Coastal Zone. Coastal Management, 35(2-3): 339-355. http://doi.org/10.1080/08920750601169600

Nunnally, J. C., & Berstein, I. R. 1994. Psychometric theory (3rd Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill. 752p.

Potoski, M., & Prakash, A. 2013. Green Clubs: Collective Action and Voluntary Environmental Programs. Annual Review of Political Science, 16(1), 399-419. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-032211-211224

Rivera, J. 2002. Assessing a voluntary environmental initiative in the developing world: The Costa Rican Certification for Sustainable Tourism. Policy Sciences 35, 333–360.

Smith, M. 2015. Tourism and Cultural Change. En The Routledge Handbook of Tourism and Sustainability, Hall, M., Gossling, S., Scott, D. (Eds.) p. 175-184. New York: Routledge.

Spenceley, A. & Bien, A. 2013. Ecotourism Standards: International Accreditation and Local Certification and Indicators. In: R. Ballantyne and J. Packer (ed.) International Handbook on Ecotourism, p. 404. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Stem, C. J., Lassoie, J. P., Lee, D. R., & Deshler, D. J. 2003. How «Eco» is Ecotourism? A Comparative Case Study of Ecotourism in Costa Rica. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11(4), 322-347. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580308667210

Tepelus, C. M., & Córdoba, R. C. 2005. Recognition schemes in tourism—from ‘eco’ to ‘sustainability’? Journal of Cleaner Production, 13(2), 135-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2003.12.015

Valenzuela, A.; Majano, A.; Jäger, U. & Kilian, B. 2013. La política de turismo sostenible en Costa Rica como fuente de innovación para servicios de hospitalidad: Innovación y Productividad en el Sector Servicios. INCAE Business School. Alajuela, CR. 53p.

Vasconcelos-Vasquez, K., Balbastre-Benavent, F., & Redondo-Cano, A. 2011. Is certification for sustainable tourism complementary to ISO 9000 certification? The case of the Parque del Lago Hotel in Costa Rica. PASOS: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 9(4), 543-557. http://www.pasosonline.org/Publicados/9411/PS0411_05.pdf

Vásquez, K. L. V., Balbastre-Benavent, F., & Redondo-Cano, A. M. 2011. La certificación de sostenibilidad turística (CST): facilita la certificación ISO 9000: el caso del HPL. Revista de Ciencias Económicas, 29(1). Recuperado a partir de http://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/economicas/article/view/7060

Vásquez, K. L. V., & Gutiérre, C. M. 2016. Hotel Finca Campestre Rosa Blanca: Ejemplo de responsabilidad social empresarial en Costa Rica. Relaciones Internacionales, 89(1), 95-121. https://doi.org/10.15359/ri.89-1.5

White, D. 1993. Tourism as economic development for native people living in the shadow of a protected area: A North American case study. Society & Natural Resources, 6(4), 339-345. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941929309380832

Publicado

2019-04-05

Como Citar

Molina-Murillo, S. A. (2019). Certificação de turismo sustentável e os impactos socioeconômicos percebidos pelos hotéis na Costa Rica. PASOS Revista De Turismo Y Patrimonio Cultural, 17(2), 363–372. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2019.17.025

Edição

Seção

Artigos

##plugins.generic.pfl.publicationFactsTitle##

Metric
##plugins.generic.pfl.thisArticle##
##plugins.generic.pfl.otherArticles##
##plugins.generic.pfl.peerReviewers## 
##plugins.generic.pfl.numPeerReviewers##
##plugins.generic.pfl.averagePeerReviewers##

##plugins.generic.pfl.reviewerProfiles##  Indisp.

##plugins.generic.pfl.authorStatements##

##plugins.generic.pfl.authorStatements##
##plugins.generic.pfl.thisArticle##
##plugins.generic.pfl.otherArticles##
##plugins.generic.pfl.dataAvailability## 
##plugins.generic.pfl.dataAvailability.unsupported##
##plugins.generic.pfl.averagePercentYes##
##plugins.generic.pfl.funders## 
Indisp.
##plugins.generic.pfl.numHaveFunders##
##plugins.generic.pfl.competingInterests## 
Indisp.
##plugins.generic.pfl.averagePercentYes##
Metric
##plugins.generic.pfl.forThisJournal##
##plugins.generic.pfl.otherJournals##
##plugins.generic.pfl.articlesAccepted## 
##plugins.generic.pfl.numArticlesAccepted##
##plugins.generic.pfl.numArticlesAcceptedShort##
##plugins.generic.pfl.daysToPublication## 
##plugins.generic.pfl.numDaysToPublication##
145

##plugins.generic.pfl.indexedIn##

    ##plugins.generic.pfl.indexedList##
##plugins.generic.pfl.editorAndBoard##
##plugins.generic.pfl.profiles##
##plugins.generic.pfl.academicSociety## 
PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural
##plugins.generic.pfl.publisher## 
Instituto Universitario de Investigación Social y Turismo. Universidad de La Laguna (España) - Instituto Universitario da Maia ISMAI (Portugal)