Small historic cities and their visitors: application to a historic city of North Portugal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2015.13.037Keywords:
Heritage, Management, Visitors, Historic citiesAbstract
The characterization of tourism demand in a particular location is a relevant issue for both the analysis of the tourism current situation and for its planning and development. This article aims to describe the general visitor profile of historic small cities, as well as their opinion about heritage management performed. The study was applied to a historic city in northern Portugal (city of Lamego) that integrates the delimitation of the Douro World Heritage of Humanity. In methodological terms, we used a quantitative approach by conducting an survey by questionnaire administered to 339 visitors of this historic city. The results led to a better understanding of visitors in terms of the demographic profile, the product consumed, the tourism experience and management and the type of trip. This knowledge proves to be necessary to adjust supply with demand in a sustainable development vision, being useful for different stakeholders of this tourist destination.
Downloads
References
Agustí, B. 2003. “Turismo Cultural: una reflexión desde la ciencia económica”. Análises, portal Iberico Americano de Gestion Cultural. Disponível em: http://www.gestioncultural.com.
Austin, N. 2002. “Managing Heritage Attractions: Marketing challenges at sensitive historical site” the International Journal of Tourism Research,4,(6): 447-457.
Ashworth, G. 1994. “From In Asworth, G., Larkham, P. Building a new heritage” Tourism, Culture and Identity in the New Europe. Londres: Routledge: 13-30.
Ashworth, G.; Tunbridge 2000. “The Tourist-Historic City – Retrospect and Prospect of Managing the Heritage City”. Advances in Tourism Research Series. Amsterdam: Pergamon.
Baggio, R; Corigiliano, M; Scott, N. e Cooper, C. 2009. “Advertising and word of mouth in tourism, a simulation study”. 3 Rd Advances in Tourism Marketing Conference, Bournemouth, Uk, 6-9 september
Balcar, M. & Pearce, D. 1996. Heritage tourism on the West Coast of New Zealand. Tourism management, 17 (3): 203-212.
Conselho da Europa 1975.Carta Europeia do Património Arquitetónico. Disponível em: http://www.igespar.pt/media/uploads/cc/CARTAEUROPEIADOPATRIMONIOARQUITECTONICO.pdf
Carlo, M.; Dubini, P. 2010. “Integrating heritage Management and Tourism at Italian Cultural Destinations”. International Journal of Arts Management, 12 (2): 30-43.
CCDRN. 2012. Avaliação da satisfação dos turistas da região Norte. Relatório resultados globais. Comissão de Coordenação da Região do Norte. Porto: CCDRN
Câmara Municipal de Évora 2008.Estudo do Perfil do Turista da cidade de Évora. Disponível em: http://www2.cm-evora.pt/guiaturistico/PDF/Estudo%20do%20Perfil%20do%20Turista%20-%20Resumo.pdf
ERTPNP 2012.Entidade Regional de Turismo do Porto e Norte de Portugal Disponível em: http://institutodeturismo.org/ms_revista/pagina.php?id=81
Ferreira, A. 2003. O Turismo como propiciador da regeneração dos centros históricos. O caso de Faro. Dissertação de Doutoramento em Turismo. Departamento de Economia, Gestão e Engenharia Industrial da Universidade de Aveiro
Ferreira, A. e Costa, C. 2005. “Centros Históricos e Turismo. O perfil Cultural dos Novos Turistas que visitaram o Centro Histórico de Faro em 2001” Revista encontros científicos. Turismo, gestão e fiscalidade,1: 28-46.
Fortuna, C. 1997. Le centre historique et monumentaux de viés. Coimbra: Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra.
Guerreiro, M. 2003. “Cidade, Património e Marketing – Gestão Estratégica da Imagem da Cidade de Silves”, Dissertação de Mestrado, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade do Algarve e Universidade de Paris VIII.
Harrison, R. 1996. Manual of Heritage Management (2ª Ed.). Oxford: Butterworth Heineman.
Henriques, C. 2001. “Planeamento e Gestão do Turismo Sustentável nas Cidades e seus Centros Históricos. O Caso de Lisboa”. Doutoramento em Economia – especialidade de Planeamento e Política Económica - pela Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Algarve, a 21 de Junho de 2002.
Henriques, C. 2003. Turismo Cidade e Cultura - Planeamento e Gestão Sustentável. Lisboa: Edições Sílabo.
Hill, M.; Hill, A. 2005. Investigação por questionário.(2º Ed.) Lisboa: Edições Sílabo: 83-104.
Ho, P., & McKercher, B. 2004. “Managing heritage resources as tourism products”. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 9 (3): 255–266.
ICOMOS 1999. Cultural tourism charter. Paris: international council on monuments and sites. Disponível em: http//www.icomos.org.
Isaac, R . 2008. “Understanding the behaviour of cultural tourists: towards a classification of Dutch cultural tourists”. NHTV Expertise Series, No 5, NHTV, Breda, Nederlands.
Johns, N.; Hoseason, J. 2000. Which way for heritage visitor attractions? In: Drummond, S. and Yeoman, I., eds. Quality issues in heritage visitor attractions. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann: 222-242.
Jansen-Verbeke, M 1998. Tourisfication of historical cities, Annals of tourism research, 25 (3): 739-742.
Kolar, T.; Zabkar, V. 2007. “The meaning of tourists’ authentic experiences for the marketing of cultural”. Economic and Business, 19(3): 235-256.
Korunovski, S.; Marinoski, N. 2012. Cultural tourism in Ohrid as a selective form of tourism development. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 44, 104-113.
Lanquar, R. 2001. Marketing Turístico. Espanha: Ariel Turismo.
Lowenthal, D. 2008. The heritage crusade and the spoils of history (6ª Ed.).Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Lynch, Mary-frances ; Duinker, P. ; Sheehan, L. ; Chute, J. 2011. “Sustainable Mi’kmaw cultural tourism development in Nova Scotia, Canada: examining cultural tourist and Mi’kmaw perspectives”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism,18(4): 539-556.
Quartenaire Portugal 2003. Plano de Marketing da Cidade de Lamego, Relatório Preliminar. Lisboa: Edição da Quaternaire Portugal.
Maitland, R. 2006. “How can we manage the tourist-historic city? Tourism strategy in Cambridge, 1978–2003”. Tourism Management 27: 1262–1273.
Marujo, N., Serra, J. & Borges, M. 2012. Visitors to the city of Évora: who are they?. European Jour nal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation,3(2): 91:108.
Mckercher, B. & Du Cros, H. 2002. Cultural Tourism: The partnership between tourism and cultural heritage management. London, Oxford: the Haworth Hospitality Press, New York.
Mckercher, B. 2002 “Towards a classification of cultural tourism”. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management , 4 (1): 29-38.
Mckercher, B.; Ho, Pamela S.Y.; du Cros, Hilary 2005. “Relationship Between Tourism and Cultural Heritage Management: evidence from Hong Kong”. Tourism Management 26: 539–548.
Middleton, V. 2001.Marketing de Turismo. Rio de janeiro: Editora Campus
Miranda, M.J. 2001. Guia práctica para la interpertacion del património. El arte de acercar el legado natural al público visitante. Sevilla: junta de Andalucia, Consejaria da Cultura.
OMT 1995. Concepts, definitions and classifications for tourism statistics. Madrid: Organização Mundial de Turismo OMT.
OMT 1985. Role de l`Ètate dans le salvaguarde et la promotion de la culture comme facteur de development. Madrid: Organização Mundial de Turismo.
Pearce, P.L & Kang, M. 2009. “The effects of prior and recent experience on continuing interest in tourist settings”. Annals of Tourism Research, 36 (2): 172-190.
Peixoto, P. 2003. Texto elaborado no âmbito do projecto de investigação “Intermediários Culturais, Espaço Público e Cultura Urbana (praxis/p/soc/13151/1998), Apresentado no colóquio “A Cidade entre Objectos e Políticas. Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, 30 de junho de 2003.
Pereiro, X. 2006 Património Cultural: O casamento entre Património e a Cultura”. Adra, 2: 23-41.
Pérez, X.P. 2009.Turismo cultural: uma visão antropológica (Colección PASOS). Tenerife: ACA Y
Poon, A. 1993. Tourism, Technology and Competitive Strategies. Cab Intern: Wallingford.
Poria,Y. & Asworth, G. 2009. “Heritage tourism – current resource for conflict”. Annals of Tourism, 36 (3): 522-525.
Prentice, R. 1993. Tourism and Heritage Attractions. Londres: Routeldge.
Reis, C. 2003. Marketing Cultural e Financiamento na Cultura, São Paulo: Thomson.
Reisinger, Y. & Turner, E. 2003. Cross-cultural behaviour in tourism: concepts and analysis. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Richards, G. & Bonink, C. 1995. “European cultural tourism markets”. Journal of Vacation Marketing,1 (2): 173-180
Richards, G. 000. “The European Cultural Capital event: Strategic weapon in the cultural arms race?”. Journal of Cultural Policy, 6 (2): 159 - 181.
Richards, G. 2009. Turismo cultural: Padrões e implicações. In de Camargo, P. e da Cruz, G. (Eds) Turismo Cultural: Estratégias, sustentabilidade e tendências. Bahia: UESC : 25-48.
Richards, G. 2011. Cultural tourism trends in Europe: a context for the development of Cultural Routes. In:Khovanova-Rubicondo, K. (ed.) Impact of European Cultural Routes on SMEs’ innovation and competitiveness. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing: 21-39.
Richards, G. and Raymond, C. 2000. Creative Tourism. ATLAS News, 23, 16-20.
Roldán, J. 1990. ¿Hacia una nueva aurora «cultural» del turismo?. In Estudios turísticos, nº 106.
Russo, A.P. & Van Der Borg, J. 2002. “Planning considerations for cultural tourism: a case study of four European cities”. Tourism Management, 23: 631-37.
Tunbridge, J.; G. Ashworth 1996. Dissonant Heritage: the management of the past as a resource in conflict. Chichester: Wiley.
Weaver, D. 2011. Contemporary tourism heritage as heritage tourism: evidence from Las Vegas and Gold Coast. Annals of Tourism Research, 38, 249-267.
Silberberg, T. 1995. “Cultural tourism and business opportunities for museums and heritage sites”, Tourism Management, 16 (5): 361-65.
Schwartz, Z., Stewart, W. & Backlund, E. 2012. Visitation at capacity-constrained tourism destinations: Exploring revenue management at a national park. Tourism Management, 33, 500-5008.
Pérez, X. P. 2009. Turismo cultural: uma visão antropológica (Colección PASOS). Tenerife: ACA Y
Santana Talavera, A. 1997. Antropología y turismo. ¿Nuevas hordas, viejas culturas? Barcelona: Ed. Ariel, S.A., 220 pp.
Santana Talavera, A. 2003.Turismo cultural, culturas turísticas. Revista Horizontes Antropológicos, 9(20): 31-57.
UNESCO 2010. Teaching and Learning for a Sustainable Future, Disponível em: http://www.unesco.org/education/tlsf/mods/theme_c/mod16.html.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
I confirm that the work is original (of my/our authorship), and that it will not be submitted to other journals or publications until the final resolution of the review process in PASOS, RTPC.
I authorize the publication of my work by PASOS, PSTN of free and open access in any of the formats that I deem appropriate, for an indefinite period of time and as a non-remunerated collaboration.
Likewise, the author(s) understands that the published work may be linked or deposited on any server or included in other publications (republication), provided that the new place and/or new edition references the original publication and acknowledges the authorship and copyright ownership of PASOS RTPC publications.
Authors understand that a plagiarism-self-plagiarism check will be performed, and the article may be removed at any time from the editorial flow.
